Levels and trends of tributyltin (TBT) and imposex in dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) along the Norwegian coastline from 1991 to 2017

Schøyen, Merete; Green, Norman W.; Hjermann, Dag Øystein; Tveiten, Lise Ann; Beylich, Bjørnar; Øxnevad, Sigurd; Beyer, Jonny

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.11.011

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The transition toward unleaded gasoline since the 1980's reduced Pb to concentrations comparable to baseline levels across the global ocean by 2010-2011 56 . Likewise, the total ban in 2008 of the antifouling chemical TBT (tributyltin) led to rapid declines of imposex (females developing male sexual organs), a TBT-specific symptom, in an indicator gastropod 57 . Improved safety regulations have also led to a 14-fold reduction in large tanker vessel oil spills from 24.7 events per year in the 1970's to 1.7 events per year in the present decade 58 .…”

Section: Pollution Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding marine life

Duarte

Agustı́

Barbier

et al. 2020

Nature

726

480

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The UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 aims to "conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development". Achieving this goal will require rebuilding the marine life-support systems that deliver the many benefits society receives from a healthy ocean. In this Review we document the recovery of marine populations, habitats and ecosystems following past conservation interventions. Recovery rates across studies suggest that substantial recovery of the abundance, structure, and function of marine life could be achieved by 2050, should major pressures, including climate change, be mitigated. Rebuilding marine life represents a doable Grand Challenge for humanity, an ethical obligation, and a smart economic objective to achieve a sustainable future. The ability of the ocean to support human wellbeing is at a crossroads. The ocean currently contributes 2.5% of global GDP and provides employment to 1.5% of the global workforce 1 , with an estimated output of US$1.5 trillion in 2010, expected to double by 2030 1. And there is increased attention on the ocean as a source of food and water 2 , clean energy 1 , and as a means to mitigate climate change 3,4. At the same time, many marine species, habitats and ecosystems have suffered catastrophic declines 5-8 and climate change is further undermining ocean productivity and biodiversity 9-14 (Fig. 1). The conflict between growing human dependence on ocean resources and declining marine life under human pressures (Fig. 1) is focusing unprecedented attention on the connection between ocean conservation and human well-being 15. The UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG14 or "life below water") aims to "conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development" (https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdg14). Achieving this goal will require rebuilding marine life, defined in the context of SDG14 as the life-support systems (populations, habitats, and ecosystems) that deliver the many benefits society receives from a healthy ocean 16,17. Here we show that, in addition to being a necessary goal, substantially rebuilding marine life within a human generation is largely achievable, if the required actions, prominently mitigating climate change, are deployed at scale. Slowing the decline of marine life and achieving net gains By the time the general public admired life below water through the "Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau" (1968-1976), the abundance of large marine animals was already greatly reduced 5-7,18. And the abundance of marine animals and habitats that support ecosystems services has shrunk to a fraction of what was in place when the first frameworks to conserve and sustain marine life were introduced in the 1980s (Fig. 1), to a fraction of pre-exploitation levels 5,6,19,20. Currently, at least one-third of fish stocks are overfished 21 , one-third to half of vulnerable marine habitats have been lost 8 , a substantial fraction of the coastal ocean suffers from pollution, eutrophication, oxygen d...

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Section: Pollution Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding marine life

Duarte

Agustı́

Barbier

et al. 2020

Nature

726

480

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Nordic scientists have also been instrumental in 1) developing and advancing scientific collaboration for the entire northeast Atlantic region (within ICES) ( 94 , 95 ), 2) a science-based process of change among transnational seafood corporations ( 96 ) providing means to stimulate “corporate biosphere stewardship” among major ocean industries, and 3) coordinating the collection of evidence linking the antifouling agent tributyltin to extreme adverse effects on marine life and the effect of mitigation measures ( 97 , 98 ). It is clear that the collection and sharing of data across national boundaries, and collaboration between scientific disciplines and with stakeholders (including collecting and using data from diverse stakeholders), are paramount for developing relationships based on trust and for science-based governance.…”

Section: Committed To the Ocean: Lessons Learnedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attuning to a changing ocean

Stenseth

Payne

Bonsdorff

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The ocean is a lifeline for human existence, but current practices risk severely undermining ocean sustainability. Present and future social−ecological challenges necessitate the maintenance and development of knowledge and action by stimulating collaboration among scientists and between science, policy, and practice. Here we explore not only how such collaborations have developed in the Nordic countries and adjacent seas but also how knowledge from these regions contributes to an understanding of how to obtain a sustainable ocean. Our collective experience may be summarized in three points: 1) In the absence of long-term observations, decision-making is subject to high risk arising from natural variability; 2) in the absence of established scientific organizations, advice to stakeholders often relies on a few advisors, making them prone to biased perceptions; and 3) in the absence of trust between policy makers and the science community, attuning to a changing ocean will be subject to arbitrary decision-making with unforeseen and negative ramifications. Underpinning these observations, we show that collaboration across scientific disciplines and stakeholders and between nations is a necessary condition for appropriate actions.

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“…The X and Y axes represent the longitude Northern length (NL) and the latitude Eastern length (EL), respectively. Langston et al, 2015;Nicolaus and Barry, 2015;Wilson et al, 2015;HELCOM, 2018;Schøyen et al, 2018). The unequal recovery in time is not surprising since the 1989 TBT restrictions on small ships had mainly a local impact in predominantly recreational and small ships areas.…”

Section: Tbt Levels In the Southern North Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper assesses different aspects of TBT pollution in C. crangon in its main distribution range, the southern North Sea and does not focus on an overall review on TBT data and effects in the marine environment, as the TBT levels vary by a high factor in different locations. For comprehensive reviews, we refer to, among other (Evans et al, 1996;Fent, 1996;Champ, 2000;Birchenough et al, 2002;Stronckhorst and van Hattum, 2003;Antizar-Ladislao, 2008;Morton, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2009;Rodríguez et al, 2009;Sousa et al, 2009;Bengtsson and Wernersson, 2012;Sunday et al, 2012;Matthiessen, 2013;Wetzel et al, 2013;OSPAR, 2014;Langston et al, 2015;Nicolaus and Barry, 2015;Wilson et al, 2015;Schøyen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tributyltin: A Bottom–Up Regulator of the Crangon crangon Population?

Parmentier

Verhaegen

Witte³

et al. 2019

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The restrictions and the concerted action of the global ban on the use and presence of tributyltin (TBT) in marine applications to protect ecosystems in the marine environment in 2008 was mainly based on the economic impact on shellfish industries and the dramatic extinction of local mollusk populations in the past. In contrast to the vast datasets on effects on mollusks, the knowledge on impacts on species from other taxa remained in the uncertain until almost two decades ago. The assumption on a long-term TBT-mediated pernicious metabolic bottom-up regulation of the crustacean Crangon crangon population was provoked by the outcome of an EU-project 'Sources, Consumer Exposure and Risks of Organotin Contamination in Seafood.' This study reported high TBT body burdens in C. crangon in 2003, at the start of the transition period to the global ban. Experimental research on the TBT impact in C. crangon focused on agonistic interference with natural ecdysteroid hormones at the metabolic pathways regulating growth and reproduction and the biogeochemical distribution of the chemical. In this paper, metabolic, topical and population-relevant biological endpoints in C. crangon and other crustaceans are evaluated in relation to the temporal and spatial trends on TBT's occurrence and distribution in the field during and after the introduction of the tributyltin restrictions and endocrine-related incidents. Arguments are forwarded to relate the German Bight incident on growth and reproduction failure in the C. crangon population, despite the lack of direct evidence, to the pernicious impact of tributyltin in 1990/91 and previous years. The extreme occurrence of TBT in C. crangon from other parts of the southern North Sea and evidence on the high body burdens as dose metrics of exposure also feeds the suspicion on detrimental impacts in those areas. This paper further demonstrates the complexity of distinguishing and assessing the individual roles of unrelated stressors on a population in an integrated evaluation at the ecosystem level.

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Levels and trends of tributyltin (TBT) and imposex in dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) along the Norwegian coastline from 1991 to 2017

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

Rebuilding marine life

Rebuilding marine life

Attuning to a changing ocean

Tributyltin: A Bottom–Up Regulator of the Crangon crangon Population?

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