Levels of benzene and other volatile aromatic compounds in the blood of non-smokers and smokers

Hajimiragha, Hossein; Ewers, U.; Brockhaus, A; Boettger, A.

doi:10.1007/bf00683121

Cited by 62 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For example, Brugnone et al (11) reported that in Italy the mean blood benzene level of smokers (381 ppt) was significantly higher than that of nonsmokers (205 ppt); both of those levels are about 2 times or more higher than the mean blood benzene level reported herein. We also found lower benzene blood levels than those reported in Germany by Hajimiragha et al (12) and Angerer et al (13). Our mean benzene level is similar to that reported by Jermann et al (14) for a population living in a European city with high traffic density.…”

Section: Results Vocssupporting

confidence: 89%

The Priority Toxicant Reference Range Study: Interim Report

Needham¹,

Hill²,

Ashley³

et al. 1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The relationship between human exposure to environmental toxicants and health effects is of utmost interest to public health scientists. To define this relationship, these scientists need accurate and precise methods for assessing human exposure and effects. One of the most accurate and precise means of assessing exposure is to measure the level of the toxicant or its primary metabolite in a biologic specimen; this has been defined as measuring the internal dose. This measurement must be quantitative to best study the dose-response relationship. Pertinent questions asked during an exposure assessment include "How do the levels of a given toxicant in a particular population compare with the levels of that toxicant in other populations?" and "What is the prevalence of exposure to that toxicant in other populations?" To answer these questions for two chemical classes of environmental toxicants, we developed state-of-the-art analytic methods and then applied them to measure the levels of 44 environmental toxicants in biologic specimens from 1000 United States residents who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES ll). These 1000 people are a cross-sectional subset of the NHANES IlIl population and were selected from urban and rural communities in four regions of the United States; all were between 20 and 59 years of age. This subset is not a probability-based sample. The 44 environmental toxicants are 32 volatile organic compounds, which are measured at parts-per-trillion levels in whole blood, and 11 phenols and one phenoxy acid, which are measured at parts-per-billion levels in urine. We present statistical data for these toxicants in a large portion of our study's population. These analytic measurements have not been compared to any demographic characteristics, such as age and race, in this interim report. In addition, we also give examples of how the methods we developed and the reference range data we gathered have been used to assess exposure in other populations. -Environ Health Perspect 103(Suppl 3): 89-94 (1995)

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Section: Results Vocssupporting

confidence: 89%

The Priority Toxicant Reference Range Study: Interim Report

Needham¹,

Hill²,

Ashley³

et al. 1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

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show abstract

“…1-1, and the values agreed with our measurements from nonsmoking persons. The maximal benzene level in the blood of unexposed nonsmokers reported in the literature is about 6 nmol· 1-1, and that of unexposed smokers about 12-15 nmol · I-I (15,16). When nonsmoking subjects were exposed to a benzene concentration of 1.7 crrr' .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to low levels of benzene.

Pekari

Vainiotalo²,

Heikkilä³

et al. 1992

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…From published data ( Wallace et al, 1987;Hajimiragha et al, 1989 ) it may be concluded that the ratio of ethylbenzene to the other C8 -aromatics is somewhat higher in cigarette smoke than in auto exhaust. Again, stepwise regression analysis was applied to identify the main sources of exposure.…”

Section: Sources Of Exposure To C8 -Aromaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%