Levels of bioactive lipids in cooking oils: olive oil is the richest source of oleoyl serine

Abstract

Background Rates of osteoporosis are significantly lower in regions of the world where olive oil consumption is a dietary cornerstone. Olive oil may represent a source of oleoyl serine (OS), which showed efficacy in animal models of osteoporosis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that OS as well as structurally analogous N-acyl amide and 2-acyl glycerol lipids are present in the following cooking oils: olive, walnut, canola, high heat canola, peanut, safflower, sesame, toasted sesame, grape seed, and smart balance omega. Methods Methanolic lipid extracts from each of the cooking oils were partially purified on C-18 solid-phase extraction columns. Extracts were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and 33 lipids were measured in each sample, including OS and bioactive analogs. Results Of the oils screened here, walnut oil had the highest number of lipids detected (22/33). Olive oil had the second highest number of lipids detected (20/33), whereas grape-seed and high-heat canola oil were tied for lowest number of detected lipids (6/33). OS was detected in 8 of the 10 oils tested and the levels were highest in olive oil, suggesting that there is something about the olive plant that enriches this lipid. Conclusions Cooking oils contain varying levels of bioactive lipids from the N-acyl amide and 2-acyl glycerol families. Olive oil is a dietary source of OS, which may contribute to lowered prevalence of osteoporosis in countries with high consumption of this oil.

Magel2 Modulates Bone Remodeling and Mass in Prader-Willi Syndrome by Affecting Oleoyl Serine Levels and Activity

“…Because OS is produced locally in osteoblasts where deletion of Magel2 results in reduced OS levels, it seems plausible that Magel2 may be involved in regulating the catabolism of long‐chain fatty acids (such as oleic acid) into OS. Oleic acid, abundantly present in blood, and endogenously biosynthesized from stearic acid, is also provided exogenously mainly in olive oil, which is the richest source of OS . Interestingly, adherence to a Mediterranean diet lowers the incidence of osteoporosis, which is attributed to the high olive oil consumption …”

“…In addition, numerous FAAs have been identified in bone tissue, and were suggested to play an important role in modulating skeletal remodeling and mass . Of these, N ‐oleoyl serine (OS), found in olive oil, among other sources, has been primarily shown by our group to modulate skeletal homeostasis by positively affecting the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts . However, its contribution to the skeletal abnormalities seen in PWS and SYS has never been reported.…”

HU-671, a Novel Oleoyl Serine Derivative, Exhibits Enhanced Efficacy in Reversing Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis and Bone Marrow Adiposity

“…Oleic acid is abundantly present in blood and biosynthesized endogenously from stearic acid [34] or provided exogenously. Interestingly, the incidence of osteoporosis is lower in Mediterranean countries, a fact attributed to the high olive oil consumption, which is the richest source of oleic acid and OS [35,36,37,38,39]. Other OS precursors may include N -acyl phosphatidylserines [40].…”

(Wh)olistic (E)ndocannabinoidome-Microbiome-Axis Modulation through (N)utrition (WHEN) to Curb Obesity and Related Disorders

“…Dietary fats and oils contain a series of bioactive lipids from the N -acyl amide and 2-acyl glycerol families [ 128 ] (Fig. 3 ).…”