Levels of Bisphenol A in Canned Soft Drink Products in Canadian Markets

Abstract

The method developed previously for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in liquid infant formula was adapted and validated for determination of BPA in soft drink products. This method was based on solid phase extraction and derivatization with acetic anhydride followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected-ion monitoring mode. The average method detection limit was 0.045 microg/L for a 10 mL sample. The average extraction recoveries were 101 and 99.9% obtained with seven different soft drink products spiked with BPA at 0.5 and 2.5 microg/L, respectively. Good repeatability of the method was observed with replicate analyses of seven different soft drinks; relative standard deviations ranged from 1.3 to 6.6%. This method was used to analyze samples of 72 canned soft drink products for BPA. Except for three products from which BPA-d16 could not be recovered at all due to interference of product compositions (e.g., quinine hydrochloride in tonic water), BPA was detected in samples of all the other products at levels ranging from 0.032 to 4.5 microg/L. About 75% of the products had BPA levels of <0.5 microg/L, and 85% of the products had BPA levels of <1 microg/L. Exposure to BPA through consumption of canned soft drink products is low; dietary intake of BPA was estimated at 0.027 microg/kg of body weight/day on the basis of the consumption of one canned soft drink with the highest BPA level (4.5 microg/L) for an adult with a 60 kg body weight, well below the provisional tolerable daily intake of 25 microg/kg of body weight/day established by Health Canada.

Loss of Hippocampal Oligodendrocytes Contributes to the Deficit of Contextual Fear Learning in Adult Rats Experiencing Early Bisphenol A Exposure

“…Among these contaminants, bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous xenoestrogen and a raw material widely used in the manufacturing of a variety of consumer goods such as canned food and drink [2], thermal printer paper [3], and even medical equipment [4]. Since its first commercial use in 1950s, the global consumption of BPA is continuously growing with an increase from 3.9 million tons in 2006 to nearly 5 million tons in 2010 [5].…”

Possible Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Bisphenol –A Induced Changes of the Male Reproductive System of Adult Albino Rats: Histological Study.

“…20-30 μg of BPA/mL was detected in the saliva of patients who had been treated with a dental sealant (5). The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) established 50 μg/kg b.wt./d as the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of BPA based on non-observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 5000 μg/kgbw/d (6). However, recently EFSA experts has reduced the previously settled TDI to 4 μg/kg bw/d as a temporary base due to the latest refined risk assessment and the uncertainties over the mechanism of BPA action to produce its adverse effects.…”

Estimating bisphenol A exposure levels using a questionnaire targeting known sources of exposure

“…BPA has been measured in numerous canned (metal) food products (42,43,(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68) . A smaller number of studies have indicated that BPA levels are much lower or not present in non-canned food items, although detectable levels have been observed in some canned beverages, microwave meals and restaurant food items (42,57,69,70) . Additionally, human exposure studies have observed decreases in urinary BPA levels after exposure to BPA-containing food packaging was reduced.…”