Levels of Carbon Monoxide Expiratory Air on Shisha Users and the Factors Affecting

Abstract

Background: Shisha is one method of consuming tobacco similar to cigarette but in a different form. Lately it became a trend in Indonesian people, especially teenagers, without knowing any hazards contained in shisha which could cause cancer or even death. Lack of study about shisha in Indonesia was the main reason to do this study so further impact of shisha could be understood.
 Methodology: This study was analytical observational with cross sectional design. Data of this study was obtained from examination using CO analyzer and from questionnaire filling by respondents from the shisha Bogor community and smokers in Bogor.
 Results: Among 60 samples we obtained mean expiratory air CO levels of 8,62 ppm for smokers and 20,67 ppm for shisha users. There were also a significant correlation between shisha consumption duration per times and CO expiratory air levels, with P-value of 0,004 and odds ratio 12,52.
 Conclusion: Expiratory air CO levels in shisha users were higher than smokers, also there were a significant correlation between shisha
 consumption duration per times and the increasing levels of expiratory air CO. (J Respir Indo 2019; 39(1))

Korelasi Karbon Monoksida dan Derajat Rokok dengan Fungsi Paru pada Pengemudi Ojek Online

“…Measurements of lung function and expiratory CO were carried out after the respondents were given treatment to smoke shisha, there was a significant increase in CO and a decrease in lung function before and after the intervention. 9 Soeroso et al, research also found a weak correlation between CO and peak expiratory flow, the higher the CO levels. Expiration will reduce peak expiratory flow (r=-0.26 and p=0.106).…”

“…In healthy populations who do not smoke, end-tidal concentrations are in the range of 1-3 ppm. 9 Carbon monoxide is one of the most widely distributed pollutants in the air. CO concentrations are released into the air in the highest quantities among other air pollutants every year except for carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations.…”