Levels of Glucose and Insulin during Twenty-Four Hours in Hyperprolactinemic Women with Pituitary Microadenoma

Seki, Kazuhiko; Nagata, Isao

doi:10.1159/000293163

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Hyperinsulinemia observed in hyperprolactinemic patients during OGTT may be due to direct beta-cytotrophic action of prolactin on the islets. In vivo and in vitro studies indicate that prolactin alters insulin secretory characteristics [19] and leads to hyperinsulinemia that resembles insulin resistance [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Early Insulin Resistance in Kuwaiti Women

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), defined as an asymptomatic state characterized by normal serum concentrations of free thyroxine and elevated serum concentrations of TSH. The aim of this study is to investigate the complex interplay between insulin resistance and low grade chronic inflammation in Kuwaiti women with subclinical hypothyroidism. Thirty four women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and 20 healthy women as controls matched to the patient group for sex, age and body mass index (BMI), were enrolled in this prospective study. TSH, FT4, C reactive protein, glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model assessment (HOMA), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were estimated. Total cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly higher in patients with SCH as compared with control subjects, however triglyceride and HDL-C were not statistically different. CRP was not statistically different between the SCH patients and control group (3.64 ± 0.94 Vs 3.18 ± 0.71 P>0.05). Insulin levels were significantly higher in the SCH group comparable to the control (12.5 ± 2.67 Vs 10.80 ± 2.01 p<0.05), however HOMA-IR was not statistically different (2.85 ± 0.64 Vs 2.54 ± 0.64 P>0.05). Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism exhibited elevated atherogenic parameters (hyperinsulinemia, total cholesterol, LDL-C). Therefore screening and treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism may be warranted due to its adverse effects on lipid metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Early Insulin Resistance in Kuwaiti Women

et al. 2006

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Insulin sensitivity and hyperprolactinemia

Tuzcu

Bahçeci

Dursun

et al. 2003

J Endocrinol Invest

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It has been shown that prolactin (PRL) induces glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in several animal species. In women with microprolactinomas, the sensitivity to insulin is lower in hyperprolactinemia than in normoprolactinemia. Thirty non-obese women with hyperprolactinemia and 30 healthy non-obese women were included into the study. Age, body weight (bw), height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference and waist to hip ratio of both patients with hyperprolactinemia and control subjects were not different. Mean serum prolactin level was higher in hyperprolactinemic patients than in control group (84.5 +/- 51.1 ng/ml and 13.8 +/- 5.3 ng/ml respectively, p<0.002). Mean HOMA-(%B) index of hyperprolactinemic patients was higher than in control subjects (121 +/- 49 and 84 +/- 38, respectively, p<0.02). Mean HOMA-(%S) index was lower in hyperprolactinemic patients (56 +/- 39 and 105 +/- 55, respectively, p<0.006). Serum total testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, estradiol, cortisol, sex hormone binding globulin and DHEA-S levels in both hyperprolactinemic women and healthy subjects, statistically did not show any difference between the two groups. The present data indicate that hyperprolactinemia is associated with an insulin-resistant state. This resistant state may not be a result of obesity, androgenic hormones, and SHBG or pregnancy. It may be the result of serum free fatty acids (FFA) levels, decrement in the number of insulin receptors (by a down-regulation of insulin receptors) or post-binding defect in insulin action or more.

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Endothelial function, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers in hyperprolactinemic pre-menopausal women

Yavuz

Deyneli

Akpınar

et al. 2003

European Journal of Endocrinology

132

112

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Background: Hyperprolactinemia has been reported to be associated with abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hyperprolactinemia and bromocriptine (Brc) treatment on endothelial function, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers in pre-menopausal women. Methods: Sixteen hyperprolactinemic pre-menopausal women with pituitary adenomas were recruited and 20 healthy subjects were included as controls. Patients were given Brc in doses of 2.5-20 mg/dl until normal levels of prolactin were reached. Prior to treatment and 2 months after prolactin levels were normalized, the following tests were performed. Insulin sensitivity was determined by an oral glucose tolerance test based on a formula named the insulin sensitivity index (ISI composite). Endothelial function was measured as flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) on a brachial artery using high resolution ultrasound. Results: Serum glucose, insulin, estrogen, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, homocysteine and uric acid levels were measured. Calculated ISI composite and FMD were significantly lower in the hyperprolactinemic group in comparison with the controls and improved after Brc treatment. Serum homocysteine, hsCRP and uric acid levels were significantly higher in hyperprolactinemic patients than in the controls and returned to normal levels with Brc treatment. Serum prolactin concentrations were inversely correlated with FMD measurements (r ¼ 20.68; P , 0.0001), ISI composite (r ¼ 2 0.48; P , 0.005) and serum estrogen (r ¼ 2 0.54; P , 0.005), and positively correlated with serum homocysteine concentrations (r ¼ 0.55; P , 0.0001) in the hyperprolactinemic group. Conclusions: The hyperprolactinemic state is associated with impaired endothelial function and decreased insulin sensitivity, which are early markers of atherosclerosis. These alterations may predispose to the development of atherosclerosis in non-treated cases. Correction of the hyperprolactinemic state is associated with improved endothelial function and insulin sensitivity.

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Levels of Glucose and Insulin during Twenty-Four Hours in Hyperprolactinemic Women with Pituitary Microadenoma

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Early Insulin Resistance in Kuwaiti Women

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Is Associated with Early Insulin Resistance in Kuwaiti Women

Insulin sensitivity and hyperprolactinemia

Endothelial function, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers in hyperprolactinemic pre-menopausal women

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