Levels of HIV/AIDS stigma and associated factors among sexually active Ethiopians: analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data

Feyasa, Merga Belina; Nigatu, Mamo; Kabeta, Teshome

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13505-1

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Prior studies also established that, while enacted stigma had reduced considerably, perceived community stigma has remained high [28,[51][52][53]. Similarly, data from rural Uganda [50], Ethiopia [54,55], Nigeria [56,57], and elsewhere in Uganda [28,58] and qualitative data from Kenya and Uganda [53] reported the persistence of HIV-related stigma in the general HIV-negative population. These settings, like South Africa, had experienced the HIV epidemic for over two decades, however, it remains unclear why perceived stigma has remained widespread in the era of ART.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In a trend analysis in Nigeria, however, those who were willing to buy food from sellers with HIV and AIDS was fewer compared to those who were willing to care for family with HIV and AIDS [58]. The willingness to care for family with HIV and AIDS implies some level of empathy for family members with HIV [51], whereas they expressed aversion towards food vendors with HIV [54,55,61,62], signifying serious levels of distancing and discrimination towards PLHIV. It is therefore important to implement strategies and programmes to increase HIV knowledge and promote compassion and respect for the rights of PLHIV so as to eradicate discriminatory attitudes and practices towards PLHIV [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community Perceptions of HIV Stigma, Discriminatory Attitudes, and Disclosure Concerns: A Health Facility-Based Study in Selected Health Districts of South Africa

Mokgatle

Madiba

2023

IJERPH

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Research data about HIV stigma perceptions and discriminatory attitudes among the general population are limited. Furthermore, the willingness of HIV-negative individuals to engage with HIV prevention and disclosure interventions has not been established in South Africa. The study investigated community perceptions of stigma as well as discriminatory attitudes towards HIV disclosure to understand if and how these perceptions might influence the uptake of disclosure interventions. This facility-based study used a validated questionnaire to measure the four constructs of HIV stigma among 670 adults recruited from health districts of two provinces of South Africa. Of these, 72% were female, 87% had ever been tested for HIV, and 31% knew someone who has HIV. Stigma towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) is widespread in the general population. A high proportion (75%) endorsed disclosure concerns, 75% perceived stigma to be common, and 56% endorsed negative statements indicating perceived stigma in communities. Fear, moral and social judgement, and rejection underlined their perceptions about PLHIV. Almost half (45.7%) were unwilling to care for family members sick with AIDS, suggesting negative distancing reactions and discriminatory attitudes towards PLHIV. The widespread discriminatory attitudes and the perceived stigma that is evident in the general population might heighten the disclosure concerns endorsed, promote non-disclosure, and increase HIV transmission. To design interventions, it is crucial to be cognisant of disclosure concerns, discriminatory attitudes, and perceived stigma evident in communities. Thus, the findings underscore the need to increase efforts to challenge and reduce community drivers of negative discriminatory attitudes and perceived stigma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Perceptions of HIV Stigma, Discriminatory Attitudes, and Disclosure Concerns: A Health Facility-Based Study in Selected Health Districts of South Africa

Mokgatle

Madiba

2023

IJERPH

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“…Ethiopia’s rural communities face low literacy, inadequate HIV treatment awareness, communication infrastructure issues, and low socioeconomic status. Limited information access and potential stigma can negatively impact self-management in rural communities, but continuous HIV education could help reduce these issues ( Feyasa et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing self-efficacy for self-management among adult people with human immune deficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy in public hospitals of south-west Ethiopia

Abdisa,

Gindaba,

Zerihun

2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionSelf-management is crucial for effective HIV management, and self-efficacy is a mechanism for achieving it, but there is limited evidence on variables that affect self-efficacy. This study aimed to identify factors influencing self-efficacy for self-management among adults on antiretroviral therapy in resource constraint settings.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 adult people on antiretroviral therapy in southwest Ethiopia from March to April 2022. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data using a structured questionnaire on the self-efficacy measure. The data were then imported into Epi Data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics, independent tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data. The predictors with p-value of less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant.ResultsA total of 413 adults on antiretroviral therapy were interviewed with response rate of 97.9%. The total mean score of self-efficacy for self-management was 15.12 (±2.22) out of 24. Higher age, gender of the female, divorced, duration of diagnosis, and drug side effects were negatively predictors of low self-efficacy. Higher schooling, urban residence, better income, and the use of reminders positively influenced self-efficacy for self-management.ConclusionThe study found low self-efficacy among adults on antiretroviral therapy and higher age, female gender, HIV duration, and presence of drug side effects were associated with lower self-efficacy, while higher schooling, better income, and use of reminder use were associated with higher self-efficacy for self-management. Further research is needed to determine the causal relationship between these variables and self-efficacy.

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“…Despite several strategies, many people still have a more stigmatised or less accepting attitude toward people living with HIV. For instance, 95% of sexually active adults had a stigmatised attitude toward people living with HIV in 2016 20. Ethiopia set targets to achieve 90% of adults will develop accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV by the end of 2025.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, 95% of sexually active adults had a stigmatised attitude toward people living with HIV in 2016. 20 Ethiopia set targets to achieve 90% of adults will develop accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV by the end of 2025. However, looking only the national coverage may mask the underlying disparities between social groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequality and contributors in accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV among adults in Ethiopia from 2005 to 2016: a population-based cross-sectional study

Endalamaw,

Gilks,

Ambaw

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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IntroductionThe public’s accepting attitude toward people living with HIV is crucial in reducing HIV-related stigma and discrimination, increasing people’s access to HIV service. This study examines the inequalities in accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV in Ethiopia from 2005 to 2016.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was based on the 2005, 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Surveys. A total of 17 075, 28 478 and 25 542 adults were included in the 2005, 2011 and 2016 surveys, respectively. Socioeconomic inequality was investigated using the concentration curve and Erreygers’ concentration index (ECI), which is scaled from −1 (pro-poor) to +1 (pro-rich). The ECI was decomposed to identify the contributors to socioeconomic inequality using generalised linear regression with the logit link function.ResultsAccepting attitude toward people living with HIV was 17.9% (95% CI: 16.6%, 19.3%) in 2005, which increased to 33.5% (95% CI: 31.8%, 35.3%) in 2011 and 39.6% (95% CI: 37.6%, 41.9%) in 2016. ECI was 0.342 (p<0.001), 0.436 (p<0.001) and 0.388 (p<0.001), respectively, for 2005, 2011 and 2016. The trend line illustrates socioeconomic inequality seems diverging over time, with an increasing ECI of 0.005 every year (r=0.53; p=0.642; slope=0.005).ConclusionsThe current study found that there was pro-rich inequality from 2005 to 2016. People with higher socioeconomic status had a better attitude toward people living with HIV. Comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS, education status, residence, and access to electronic and paper-based media, as well as HIV testing, contribute to a better accepting attitude toward people living with HIV. It is of utmost importance for the country to enhance accepting attitude toward people living with HIV to reduce stigma and discrimination. This requires whole-system response according to the primary healthcare approach toward ending the epidemic of HIV/AIDS in the country.

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Levels of HIV/AIDS stigma and associated factors among sexually active Ethiopians: analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Community Perceptions of HIV Stigma, Discriminatory Attitudes, and Disclosure Concerns: A Health Facility-Based Study in Selected Health Districts of South Africa

Community Perceptions of HIV Stigma, Discriminatory Attitudes, and Disclosure Concerns: A Health Facility-Based Study in Selected Health Districts of South Africa

Factors influencing self-efficacy for self-management among adult people with human immune deficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy in public hospitals of south-west Ethiopia

Socioeconomic inequality and contributors in accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV among adults in Ethiopia from 2005 to 2016: a population-based cross-sectional study

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