Levels of Impulsivity, Hyperactivity, and Inattention and the Association with Mental Health and Substance Use Severity in Opioid-Dependent Patients Seeking Treatment with Extended-Release Naltrexone

Karlsson, Ann Tarja; Vederhus, John‐Kåre; Clausen, Thomas; Weimand, Bente; Solli, Kristin Klemmetsby; Tanum, Lars

doi:10.3390/jcm10194558

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Leong's findings may indicate that ILF-NF targets the underlying urge to use drugs (i.e., the craving mechanism), to which restlessness may be a contributing factor, as well as the ability to control these impulses. 19,42,43 Previous studies have shown positive results from neurofeedback in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and attentional deficits. 44 Whereas our sample was drawn from an unselected drug-using population, other studies have focused more narrowly on selected subpopulations of substance users and, therefore, had a more homogeneous patient sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infralow neurofeedback in the treatment of substance use disorders: a randomized controlled trial

Gabrielsen

Clausen

Haugland

et al. 2022

jpn

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Background: Infralow neurofeedback (ILF-NF) was recently developed as a subtype of traditional, frequency-based neurofeedback that targets cerebral rhythmic activity below 0.5 Hz and improves brain self-regulation. The efficacy of ILF-NF in the treatment of substance use disorder has not yet been evaluated, but clinical evidence suggests that it may prevent relapse by improving functioning in various life domains. The current study aimed to fill this research gap and extend empirical evidence related to this issue. Methods: Ninety-three patients with substance use disorders at an outpatient unit in Norway were randomized to receive 20 sessions (30 minutes each) of ILF-NF training combined with treatment as usual (TAU), or TAU alone. The primary outcome was quality of life post-treatment as an overall measure of functioning. We analyzed between-group differences using Student t tests. Results: We found no significant differences in quality of life between groups. We found similar nonsignificant results for most of the secondary outcome measures, including drug use, sleep, anxiety and depression. Compared to TAU, the ILF-NF + TAU group reported significantly lower restlessness scores post-treatment (mean difference −1.8, 95 % confidence interval -3.1 to -0.5; p = 0.006). Limitations: This study was limited by broad inclusion criteria and a lack of placebo control (sham neurofeedback treatment). Conclusion: ILF-NF offered limited additional benefit when combined with TAU, except in the area of restlessness. Future studies could further investigate the relationship between ILF-NF, restlessness and substance use in targeted subpopulations to illuminate relapse mechanisms. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03356210

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infralow neurofeedback in the treatment of substance use disorders: a randomized controlled trial

Gabrielsen

Clausen

Haugland

et al. 2022

jpn

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“…Adjusted logistic regression was performed to analyse the variables associated with the presence of depression and anxiety during pregnancy, and the occurrence of postpartum depression and anxiety. Finally, binary logistic regression was performed to analyse the variables related to the manifestation of depression and anxiety during and after pregnancy, dichotomizing these variables according to the score equal to 75 on the SCL-90 test (Karlsson et al, 2021). Data were analyzed with SPSS Version 22.0.…”

Section: Sociodemographicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Psychological Symptoms in Pregnancy and Postpartum before and during COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study

et al. 2023

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Pregnant women are especially vulnerable to mental health problems, including stress, anxiety, and depression. This risk has been increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and differences in psychological symptoms in pregnancy and postpartum before and during COVID-19 exists. Mental health problems can have adverse effects on both the woman, and the neonate, including miscarriages, premature births, low birth weight, and higher rates of cesarean sections and instrument-assisted deliveries. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of psychological symptoms of pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the psychological profile in a sample of pregnant women selected before the pandemic and a sample of women studied during the first wave of the pandemic. A total of 122 women were selected prior to the pandemic and 181 women during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) was used to assess depression and anxiety during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Results: The prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety during pregnancy were higher in the sample of women studied during the pandemic (SCL-90-R: M = 54.6 vs. 42.6 and M = 62.6 vs. 51.7 respectively). In the postpartum the difference between both samples of women was even higher for depression and anxiety (SCL-90-R: M = 50.4 vs. 35.0 and M = 51.3 vs. 36.0 respectively). Being a pregnant woman at the COVID-19 outbreak was directly associated with a higher score of depression symptoms (aOR = 8.67, 95% CI [3.26, 23.02], p < .001). Anxiety during childbirth was more frequently reported by women before the pandemic (aOR = 5.13, 95% CI [2.53, 10.44], p < .001). The variable stage (before /during pandemic) was also associated with having a clinical SCL-90-R score above 70 (aOR = 7.61, 95% CI [2.7, 21.47], p < .001). Conclusion: During the pandemic, pregnancy and postpartum were associated with the presence of anxiety and depression. The main factor associated with postpartum depression was maternal age. These finding highlights the vulnerability of pregnant in front of the pandemic, in which psychological health and mental well-being are affected, not only during pregnancy, but also in the postpartum.

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“…People with substance use problems report more frequent challenges linked to impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention (IHI) than people without substance use problems [ 7 ]. Impulsivity is considered an etiological pathway to the development of SUD [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impulsivity is considered an etiological pathway to the development of SUD [ 8 ]. People with higher levels of IHI are likely to have longer histories of substance use and greater mental distress [ 7 ]. Various conditions contribute to IHI and a portion of people who experience IHI are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), defined by ICD-11 as persistent “inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that has a direct negative impact on academic, occupational, or social functioning” [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steering the energy with music: hermeneutic phenomenological study of user perspectives of music and music therapy for co-occurring ADHD and substance use problems

Ghetti,

Hjelmbrekke,

Morken

et al. 2024

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background User perspectives and involvement are crucial for improving substance use treatment service provision. First-hand accounts provide rich perspectives on how users experience change within therapeutic approaches like music therapy. People with substance use problems have a higher incidence of experiencing challenges with impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention. Such challenges can negatively affect social functioning and outcomes of substance use treatment. Music therapy can offer people a means to regulate emotions and facilitate social relationships. There is a lack of research on user perspectives of music therapy in substance use treatment, and we could identify no studies that explore user perspectives of music therapy for adults with substance use problems and co-occurring impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention. Methods The aim of this phenomenological study was to center the voices of people living with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorder (SUD) to understand how they experience music and music therapy in their process of recovery. We used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to qualitative analysis of transcripts from in-depth interviews with 8 adult service users from a Norwegian substance use treatment facility. Results Our main finding was that music and music therapy enabled experiences of motivation and mastery that ultimately afforded social belonging. The participants demonstrated detailed and nuanced understanding of how they use music to steer the energy and restlessness that are characteristic of ADHD, to change mood, and to shift negative thought patterns. These forms of music-centered regulation served as pre-requisites for more active and gratifying participation in social communities. For several participants, musicking offered a means of establishing drug-free identity and fellowship. The motivation and mastery experienced during musicking lowered the threshold for social engagement, and served as an incentive for continuing substance use treatment for some participants. Conclusions The nuanced descriptions from our participants illustrate the importance of motivation, and how music therapy can contribute to motivation in substance use treatment. In particular, the context surrounding musicking, adaptations from the music therapist, and social affordances of such musicking contributed to pleasure, mastery, participation, development of identity and social belonging, which in interaction generated motivation.

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Levels of Impulsivity, Hyperactivity, and Inattention and the Association with Mental Health and Substance Use Severity in Opioid-Dependent Patients Seeking Treatment with Extended-Release Naltrexone

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Infralow neurofeedback in the treatment of substance use disorders: a randomized controlled trial

Infralow neurofeedback in the treatment of substance use disorders: a randomized controlled trial

Differences in Psychological Symptoms in Pregnancy and Postpartum before and during COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study

Steering the energy with music: hermeneutic phenomenological study of user perspectives of music and music therapy for co-occurring ADHD and substance use problems

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