Levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in seafood from Sydney Harbour, Australia

Manning, Therese; Roach, Anthony C.; Edge, Katelyn J.; Ferrell, Doug J.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.042

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In this study, the dietary dioxin exposure was estimated using a duplicate diet analysis from three consecutive days [15], from which it was found that none of the participants exceeded the tolerable daily dioxin intake of 4 pg/kg body weight/day stipulated in the ‘Act on Special Measures against Dioxins’ [11]. The highest dietary dioxins intake was found in participants living in fishing areas (0.35 pg/kg body weight/day), which supported previous data that suggested that fish and sea foods were more vulnerable to dioxin contamination [8, 35]. These findings were also consistent with a report by Arisawa et al, in which it was found that the highest dietary dioxin intake was in Japanese from fishing villages; however, the previously reported value (0.98 pg/kg body weight/day) was higher than that found in the current study [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The TCDD level found in this study is lower compared with that in a previous study in Italy that has found a median of 0.68 pg TEQ/g lipid [40]. Previous studies have identified diet as a major source of dioxin exposure [8, 35]; however, dioxin elimination can be influenced by several factors such as body fat, which has been found to increase/decrease blood dioxin levels and elimination rates [38]. Since no significant differences were found in the amount of body fat between the 2002–2010 SEDOCCH (BMI ≈ 23 kg/m 2 ) [20] and the 2011–2016 SEDOCCH (BMI ≈ 23 kg/m 2 ), it was surmised that the decrease in dietary dioxin intake had contributed to the decline in blood dioxins.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

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Dioxins levels in human blood after implementation of measures against dioxin exposure in Japan

Muzembo

Iwai-Shimada

Isobe

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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BackgroundOver the past few decades, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment has been biomonitoring dioxins in the general Japanese population and, in response to public concerns, has taken measures to reduce dioxin exposure. The objectives of this study were to assess the current dioxin dietary intake and corresponding body burden in the Japanese and compare Japanese dioxin data from 2011 to 2016 and 2002–2010 surveys. We also examined the relationship between blood dioxins and health parameters/clinical biomarkers.MethodsFrom 2011 to 2016, cross-sectional dioxin surveys were conducted on 490 Japanese (242 males and 248 females, aged 49.9 ± 7.6 years) from 15 Japanese prefectures. Blood (n = 490) and food samples (n = 90) were measured for 29 dioxin congeners including polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) using gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Using the 2006 World Health Organization toxic equivalence factors, the toxic equivalents (TEQs) were calculated. Clinical biomarkers and anthropometric parameters were also measured and information on lifestyle behaviours collected. Data imputations were applied to account for blood dioxins below the detection limit.ResultsThe median (95% confidence interval or CI) blood levels and dioxin dietary intake was respectively 9.4 (8.8–9.9) pg TEQ/g lipid and 0.3 (0.2–0.4) pg TEQ/kg body weight/day. The median blood dioxin level in the 2011–2016 survey was found to have decreased by 41.3% compared to the 2002–2010 surveys. Participants who were older were found to be more likely to have higher dioxin levels. Blood dioxins were also significantly associated with body mass index, triglycerides, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid levels in blood. Furthermore, associations between blood dioxin and dietary dioxin intake were evident in the unadjusted models. However, after adjusting for confounders, blood dioxins were not found to be associated with dietary dioxin intake.ConclusionsBlood dioxin levels declined over the past decade. This study showed that the measures and actions undertaken in Japan have possibly contributed to these reductions in the body burden of dioxins in the Japanese population.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12199-018-0755-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Dioxins levels in human blood after implementation of measures against dioxin exposure in Japan

Muzembo

Iwai-Shimada

Isobe

et al. 2019

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…Similarly, management may fail where consideration of movement of pollutants across realms is neglected. Reclamation of lands in Homebush Bay, Australia, revealed high concentrations of heavy metals and dioxin in soils and sediments due to historical land use (Suh et al 2004); remediation efforts have focused on the land to support high-density residential apartments, but dioxin concentrations remain high in fishes and prawns because contamination of the aquatic sediments around the industrial site has not been addressed (Birch et al 2007;Manning et al 2017).…”

Section: Approaches To Management Operating Within a Single Realmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward cross‐realm management of coastal urban ecosystems

Threlfall

Marzinelli

Ossola

et al. 2021

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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T he world's human population is becoming increasingly urbanized (UN 2018), posing a global threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (McKinney 2006). This threat is pervasive across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine realms (here, we use the term "realm" rather than "ecosystem" to highlight the domain or sphere of influence and interconnections that terrestrial, riverine, and marine systems have on one another). The cross-realm effects of urbanization are largely driven by habitat modification to create a built environment (eg roads, buildings, stormwater infrastructure, marinas, and so forth; Trombulak and Frissell 2000;Walsh et al. 2005;Dafforn et al. 2015) and associated stressors (eg toxicants, nutrients, non-native species), which collectively threaten, degrade, and/or modify habitats (eg Airoldi et al. 2009;He et al. 2014). Such effects may propagate not only across habitat boundaries within urban realms (Lapoint et al. 2015;Bishop et al. 2017) but also across boundaries among realms (Bugnot et al. 2019) (Figure 1).Populations, communities, and ecosystems are connected via a variety of physical, biological, and chemical processes that operate at a range of spatial and temporal scales (Sheaves 2009;Lapoint et al. 2015;Bishop et al. 2017). Changes in connectivity can have substantial effects on biodiversity, productivity, energy fluxes, and food-web dynamics (Lapoint et al. 2015;Bishop et al. 2017). Urbanization can change the connectivity among realms by introducing barriers or conduits to the flow of species and resources, altering the abundance of organisms and materials that cross boundaries, and fragmenting or modifying habitats (Crook et al. 2015;Bishop et al. 2017), all of which can lead to cross-realm impacts. For example, barrages designed to protect coastal settlements from storm surges and dams that manage water flows can impede fish migrations between freshwater and marine habitats, and can starve coastal sandflats and mudflats of terrestrial sediment supplies, which are transported downstream by river systems (Figure 1; Crook et al. 2015; Bishop et al. 2017). Conversely, deforestation of catchments may increase

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their lipophilic nature and resistance for biodegradation, PCBs have been bio-accumulated in animal tissues [8], also in domestic animals [9,10]. Therefore PCBs have been also measured in food samples [11] and they can be mentioned as a serious health risk.Since PCBs accumulation in pregnant uterine muscle is higher than placenta, maternal adipose tissue or fetal blood [12], exposure to PCBs has been followed by different reproductive disorders. Their affected length of menstrual cycle [13] or pregnancy [14,15] as well as PCBs even increased the frequency of miscarriages in women [16] or monkeys [17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preliminary Study About the Involvement of Relaxine in Adverse Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Bovine Myometrial Contractions

Wrobel¹

2017

J Clin Mol Endocrinol

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of synthetic xenobiotics, which were used in lots of industrial applications. Two individual congers (PCB 153 and PCB 77) belong to the most prominent environmental contaminations among PCBs, but they have opposite type of configuration and therefore they can exert a different way of action. Since PCBs increased the force of myometrial contractions, in this work, their effect on myometrial sensitivity on inhibitor of myometrial contractions (relaxine, RLX) was studied.Bovine myometrial cells and strips, and luteal cell at 4-8 month of pregnancy, were obtained accidentally in commercial abattoir. They were treated by PCB 153 and PCB 77 and mRNA expression of RLX receptor in myometrial cells and contractions of myometrial strips as well as the secretion of progesterone (P4) and oxytocin (OT) from luteal cells, were measured under their effect.Both studied congeners decreased (P<0.05) the mRNA expression of RLX receptor in myometrium. Admittedly, both PCB 77 and 153 increased (P<0.05) the basal force of contractions, while RLX showed any effect on myometrial contractions. Studied PCBs increased also (P<0.05) secretion of P4 and OT from luteal cells.It is suggested that PCBs can decreased the sensitivity of myometrium on RLX but their direct effect on RLX function have to be further investigated. Keywords: Endocrine Disruption; Pregnancy; Uterus IntroductionPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of synthetic, chlorinated aryl hydrocarbons, which were extensively used in lots of industrial applications, mainly in transformers, capacitors or as hydraulic fluids, heat exchange liquids as well as plasticizers and others [1]. Because of different degree of chlorination, there are possible up to 209 congeners of PCBs. Among them, 3,3 ' ,4,4 ' -tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77) is one of the most abundant PCB congeners in human milk. This congener is a non-ortho chlorine substituted with coplanar configuration and appear to exert its toxic effects via interacting with the cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr). Hence is recognized also as dioxin-like PCBs [2]. Since PCB 77 can affect the cell also through estrogen [3] and glucocorticoid receptors [4], it is recognized as a significant environmental pollutant and endocrine disruptor [3] with a wide spectrum of way of action. Admittedly 2,2',4,4', 5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl PCB 153 is also one of the most prominent environmental contaminants, but oppositely to PCB 77 is classified as di-ortho, non-coplanar, non-dioxin congener of PCBs [5] and is known to have rather estrogenic properties [6]. Even though PCBs production and use were banned in USA and Europe more than three decades ago, they are still measured in environment [7]. Due to their lipophilic nature and resistance for biodegradation, PCBs have been bio-accumulated in animal tissues [8], also in domestic animals [9,10]. Therefore PCBs have been also measured in food samples [11] and they can be mentioned as a serious health risk.Since PCBs accumulation in preg...

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Levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in seafood from Sydney Harbour, Australia

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Dioxins levels in human blood after implementation of measures against dioxin exposure in Japan

Dioxins levels in human blood after implementation of measures against dioxin exposure in Japan

Toward cross‐realm management of coastal urban ecosystems

The Preliminary Study About the Involvement of Relaxine in Adverse Effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Bovine Myometrial Contractions

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