Levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Norwegian children stratified by age and sex - Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2

Forthun, Ingvild Halsør; Roelants, Mathieu; Haug, Line Småstuen; Knutsen, Helle Katrine; Schell, Lawrence M.; Jugessur, Astanand; Bjerknes, Robert; Sabaredzovic, Azemira; Bruserud, Ingvild Særvold; Juliusson, Petur Benedikt

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114199

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Plasma concentrations of HFPO-TeA ranged from 0.827 to 168 µM for males and 0.853 to 263 µM for females, showing a significant difference ( p < 0.05) between the sexes only at the 17 mg/kg/day dose level ( Table 3 ). Sex-specific responses to PFAS have previously been noted to occur in humans, mice, and rats [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Normalized percent dose per gram of plasma data for both sexes increased across the dose range ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose Response, Dosimetric, and Metabolic Evaluations of Replacement PFAS Perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) Acid (HFPO-TeA)

Renyer,

Ravindra,

Wetmore

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Few studies are available on the environmental and toxicological effects of perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECAs), such as GenX, which are replacing legacy PFAS in manufacturing processes. To collect initial data on the toxicity and toxicokinetics of a longer-chain PFECA, male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) acid (HFPO-TeA) by oral gavage for five days over multiple dose levels (0.3–335.2 mg/kg/day). Clinically, we observed mortality at doses >17 mg/kg/day and body weight changes at doses ≤17 mg/kg/day. For the 17 mg/kg/day dose level, T3 and T4 thyroid hormone concentrations were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) from controls and HFPO-TeA plasma concentrations were significantly different between sexes. Non-targeted analysis of plasma and in vitro hepatocyte assay extractions revealed the presence of another GenX oligomer, perfluoro-(2,5-dimethyl-3,6-dioxanonanoic) acid (HFPO-TA). In vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) parameterized with in vitro toxicokinetic data predicted steady-state blood concentrations that were within seven-fold of those observed in the in vivo study, demonstrating reasonable predictivity. The evidence of thyroid hormone dysregulation, sex-based differences in clinical results and dosimetry, and IVIVE predictions presented here suggest that the replacement PFECA HFPO-TeA induces a complex and toxic exposure response in rodents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose Response, Dosimetric, and Metabolic Evaluations of Replacement PFAS Perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) Acid (HFPO-TeA)

Renyer,

Ravindra,

Wetmore

et al. 2023

Toxics

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“…This could explain why the association between serum PFAA concentrations and onset of menstruation among the females, and the years of menstruation was fairly weak (Paper I), as females enters puberty around two years prior to menarche (Martí-Henneberg & Vizmanos 1997). This could also explain why studies on children seldom reports differences in PFAA body burden between genders (Ye et al 2018;Forthun et al 2023), nor differences in PFAA half-life (Li et al 2022). Research has suggested an estrogenicdependent increase in renal clearance of PFOA, PFHxS and PFOS from serum in both female adolescents and adults (Li et al 2022).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) – unravelling exposure sources and demographical exposure patterns in a Swedish adolescent population

Nyström-Kandola

2024

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl acids (PFAS) is a group of anthropogenic substances, with some suspected to cause adverse health effects in humans. Little is known about adolescent exposure to PFAS, thus this thesis focuses on exposure sources and demographical exposure patterns of PFAS in a nationally representative Swedish adolescent (age 10-21 years) population (Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17). Legacy PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) were detected in serum from 70-100% of the participants (n=1098). Concentrations of PFOA, PFHxS and PFOS in serum increased with increased concentrations in drinking water (DW). Even though median PFAS concentrations in DW were as low as <1 ng/L, DW appeared as an important exposure source. Participants adhering to a diverse and healthy diet had higher PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA and PFOS concentrations in serum than those that did not. This association was likely driven by a higher seafood consumption as a part of the healthy diet, supporting the notion that diet, apart from DW, is an important exposure source. Serum PFAS levels were on average highest among participants born in countries with high per capita income as compared to those born in low income countries. Conclusively, PFAS are chemicals of the industrialised world, with DW and seafood emerging as important exposure sources for adolescents. The findings of this thesis are important to consider in future risk assessments, as well as in studies of PFAS exposure and adolescent health.

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“…Moreover, previous studies have indicated that bat guano may be an appropriate matrix to study the exposure of this animal group to various substances polluting the natural environment, such as parabens, pesticides and heavy metals [71][72][73]. Undoubtedly guano analysis also has its drawbacks such as impossibility to assign samples to certain animals, and therefore the animal's age, sex, and health status cannot be determined, and these parameters often affect the degree of exposure to environmental pollutants [98,99]. On the other hand analysis of guano samples as an "aggregate sample" reflecting the degree of exposure of a whole bat colony can be very useful in research monitoring the impact of environmental pollutants on the bat population in a given area.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of benzophenones in guano samples of wild bats in Poland

Gonkowski,

Martín,

Aparicio

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Benzophenones (BPs) are substances used in the production of sunscreens, cosmetics, and personal care products. However, there is a lack of knowledge of BPs in wild animals. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the concentration of selected BPs commonly used in the cosmetic industry in guano samples collected from 4 colonies of greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis). Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine guano concentrations of benzophenone 1 (BP-1), benzophenone 2 (BP-2), benzophenone 3 (BP-3) and benzophenone 8 (BP-8). BP-1 levels above the method quantification limit (MQL) were noted in 97.5% of samples and fluctuated from <0.1 ng/g to 259 ng/g (mean 41.50 ng/g, median 34.8). The second most common was BP-3, which fluctuated from <0.1 ng/g to 19 ng/g (mean 6.67 ng/g, median 5.05), and its levels higher than MQL were observed in 40% of samples. BP-2 and BP-8 concentrations did not exceed the method detection limit (0.04 ng/g) in any analyzed sample. There were visible differences in the BP-1 and BP-3 levels among the studied bat colonies. Mean BP-1 concentration fluctuated from 11.23±13.13 ng/g to 76.71±65.51 ng/g and differed significantly between the colonies. Mean BP-3 concentration fluctuated from 5.03±6.03 ng/g to 9.18±7.65 mg/g, but it did not differ significantly between the colonies. The results show that guano is a suitable matrix for the assessment of wildlife exposure to BPs. This could be particularly advantageous in protected species, where not disturbing and stressing the animals are crucial.

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Levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Norwegian children stratified by age and sex - Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Dose Response, Dosimetric, and Metabolic Evaluations of Replacement PFAS Perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) Acid (HFPO-TeA)

Dose Response, Dosimetric, and Metabolic Evaluations of Replacement PFAS Perfluoro-(2,5,8-trimethyl-3,6,9-trioxadodecanoic) Acid (HFPO-TeA)

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) – unravelling exposure sources and demographical exposure patterns in a Swedish adolescent population

Biomonitoring of benzophenones in guano samples of wild bats in Poland

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