Levels of Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Crab Tissues from the Newark/Raritan Bay System

Cai, Zongwei; Ramanujam, V. M. Sadagopa; Gross, M.; Cristini, Angela; Tucker, Robert E.

doi:10.1021/es00057a023

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Perhaps this is so because bivalves live in close contact with bottom sediments, which transfer PCBs and PCDD/Fs from sediments to aquatic food webs, and bivalves serve as a food source for fish, waterfowl (Cope et al 1999), crab (Cai et al 1994), and gastropods.…”

Section: Probable Emission Sources Estimated By Mollusksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ocean is a major ''sink'' for persistent organic pollutants, which are transported from continental areas by atmospheric and oceanic current. Traces of PCBs and PCDD/Fs have been reported in aquatic organisms (Lung et al 2003;Cai et al 1994). In numerous field studies, special attention has been focused on the concentration and distribution of PCBs, especially the coplanar congeners.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of PCBs and PCDD/Fs Along the Chinese Bohai Sea Coastline Using Mollusks as Bioindicators

Zhao

Zheng

Liang

et al. 2005

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Abstract. Mollusk samples such as bivalves and gastropods were collected from eight sampling sites along Bohai Sea coastline from northeastern China. The samples were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) to elucidate bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in benthon. Residue levels of SPCBs and SPCDD/Fs were in the ranges of 66.1 to 583.6 ng/g and 0.9 to 15317 pg/g on a lipid-weight basis, respectively, The pollution source was identified using principal component analysis (PCA) in some coastal areas. It indicated that the typical pollution sources were characterized by PCB 3 , which was one Chinese technical product of PCBs. PCA also revealed the similarity patterns of PCBs between identical species collected from the different sites. The higher gastropod PCB concentrations were related to a former capacitor factory and the paint factories in some coastal areas, but this was not the case with the bivalves. The results of this study suggest that some gastropod species may be a potential bioindicator or ''sentinel'' organism for marine PCBs monitoring.

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Section: Probable Emission Sources Estimated By Mollusksmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of PCBs and PCDD/Fs Along the Chinese Bohai Sea Coastline Using Mollusks as Bioindicators

Zhao

Zheng

Liang

et al. 2005

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…Contamination of sediment with PCDD/Fs is a serious environmental problem (Bopp et al 1991;Kjeller & Rappe 1995;Juttner et al 1997;Isosaari et al 2002;Verta et al 2007). PCDD/Fs are generally present at very low concentrations; however, they are of great concern because of their toxicity (US EPA 1989) van den Berg et al 2006) and potential to bioaccumulate (Cai et al, 1994). Seventeen 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/F congeners are the focus of regulatory effort and scientific investigation owing to their high toxicity to humans and wildlife.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CSIA could be useful for monitoring fate of the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). PCDDs occur as mixtures of up to 75 congeners, are hydrophobic and accumulate in sediments and biota (Czuczwa et al, 1984;Hites 1990;Bopp et al, 1991;Cai et al, 1994;Koistinen et al, 1995;Wagrowski et al, 2000). The 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDDs are highly toxic (Van den Berg et al, 2006) and environmental problems are global.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Enhanced Microbial Dehalogenation Impacting the Fate and Transport of Organohalide Mixtures in Contaminated Sediments

Häggblom¹,

Fennell²,

Rodenburg³

et al. 2012

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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEPrescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Department of Defense, Executive Services and Communications Directorate (0704-0188). Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ORGANIZATION. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From -To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER AUTHOR(S) PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S)12 SERDPThe project investigated techniques and amendments to enhance microbial dehalogenation in sediments contaminated with organohalide mixtures and developed methods and tools to monitor the effectiveness of biostimulation processes. Micro-and mesocosm studies with organohalide-contaminated sediments demonstrated that these contain diverse communities of dehalogenating microorganisms. Dechlorination of historical PCB and PCDD/F contaminant mixtures can be stimulated by addition of amendments and/or bioaugmentation with dechlorinating bacteria. The enhanced dechlorination correlates with increased numbers of dehalorespirer populations and reductive dehalogenase genes. Identification of the specific microbial members associated with PCB-and PCDD/F-dechlorinating activity should allow for better strategies to enhance dehalogenation. The results provide compelling evidence to support further testing and development of biostimulation and bioaugmentation with dehalorespiring bacteria as environmentally less invasive and lower cost alternatives for in situ treatment of PCB impacted sediments. Anacostia microcosms compared to the sum of all di-through deca-chlorinated biphenyls (homolog groups 2 through 10). Analyses of the dry matter content, the total PCB concentration, the average number and percentage of chlorines less than 4 and 6, respectively and in soil samples and commercial Aroclor mixtures. Table 6-2. Analyses of total bacteria, putative dechlorinating and PCB degrading bacteria and the number of dechlorinating bacteria in soil samples. Table 6-3. The potential dechlorination activi...

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“…SIR: In a recent publication of Environmental Science and Technology, Cai and co-workers (1) suggested that a former 2,4,5-T manufacturing facility in the lower Passaic River could be the sole source of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD) and other polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) samples from the Newark Bay Estuary. The authors' conclusion was based on the reported presence of TCDD in crabs collected in 1991 and 1992 from a single location in Newark Bay, approximately 4 mi from the former 2,4,5-T site, and from three additional sites located in Raritan Bay, at distances of approximately 20-35 mi from the former 2,4,5-T site.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on “Levels of Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Crab Tissues from the Newark/Raritan Bay System”

Iannuzzi¹,

Huntley²,

Finley³

1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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SIR: In a recent publication of Environmental Science and Technology, Cai and co-workers (1) suggested that a former 2,4,5-T manufacturing facility in the lower Passaic River could be the sole source of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (TCDD) and other polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) samples from the Newark Bay Estuary. The authors' conclusion was based on the reported presence of TCDD in crabs collected in 1991 and 1992 from a single location in Newark Bay, approximately 4 mi from the former 2,4,5-T site, and from three additional sites located in Raritan Bay, at distances of approximately 20-35 mi from the former 2,4,5-T site. In addition, the authors cite as a further basis for their conclusions the results of five dated sediment samples (2, 3) and two blue crab samples (4, 5) previously collected from Newark Bay and the lower Passaic River. These samples were also reported to contain TCDD and other PCDD/Fs. In a companion paper, Cai et al. ( 6) suggested that since crab tissue levels of 2,4,6,8-tetrachlorodibenzothiophene (2,4,6,8-TCDT) "correlated well" with TCDD levels measured in crabs collected from four locations in the estuary, a "common source" is likely responsible for the 2,4,6,8-TCDT and TCDD.Given the significant ramifications associated with such claims, we find it surprising that Cai et al. (1,6) would draw such sweeping conclusions based on such limited data. We are more concerned with the fact that Cai et al. (1,6) did not cite the numerous papers in the peer-reviewed literature that directly conflict with their claims. First, the authors have ignored a number of comprehensive sediment and contaminant source investigations (7-12) that have revealed the presence of multiple sources of PCDD/Fs to the Newark Bay Estuary. Several of these sources have distinct PCDD/F fingerprints, particularly with respect to their relative concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners, that are attributable to specific municipal and industrial sources (i.e., pulp and paper mills, municipal solid waste incinerators, combined sewer overflows, manufacturing of polychlorinated biphenyls, etc.) (8). Many of these source fingerprints are evident in sediments from several locations throughout the Estuary (7, 12). In addition, many of these fingerprints contain TCDD. The presence of multiple sources in the estuary was recently confirmed by Ehrlich et al. ( 13), who identified five source fingerprints. Second, Cai et al. (1) failed to cite the numerous EPA studies that report the presence of TCDD sources at sites very near those same sampling locations. For example, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) National Bioaccumulation Study found that elevated levels of PCDD/Fs in aquatic organisms collected from Raritan Bay are related to at least two sources in the Bay, including a pulp and paper mill and a petroleum refinery (14). In the same report, the EPA identified a chemical manufacturing facility along the Arthur Kill as a source of TCDD. A...

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Levels of Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Crab Tissues from the Newark/Raritan Bay System

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Assessment of PCBs and PCDD/Fs Along the Chinese Bohai Sea Coastline Using Mollusks as Bioindicators

Assessment of PCBs and PCDD/Fs Along the Chinese Bohai Sea Coastline Using Mollusks as Bioindicators

Quantifying Enhanced Microbial Dehalogenation Impacting the Fate and Transport of Organohalide Mixtures in Contaminated Sediments

Comment on “Levels of Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Crab Tissues from the Newark/Raritan Bay System”

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