Levels of sCD40 Ligand in Chronic and Acute Coronary Syndromes and its Relation to Angiographic Extent of Coronary Arterial Narrowing

Abstract

We determined the serum levels of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Patients with unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI) showed significantly higher levels (P < .001) of sCD40L compared with patients with stable angina (SA) and controls; particularly, high levels occurred in patients with UA (UA: 9.23 +/- 2.92, MI: 7.38 +/- 1.05, SA: 4.42 +/- 1.08; control: 4.01 +/- 0.87 ng/mL). There was no significant difference in sCD40L levels between patients with UA and MI or between patients with SA and controls. Levels of sCD40L did not show any significant correlation with peak creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB isoenzyme activity in patients with MI, troponin T serum levels in patients with UA or with culprit vessel (CV) complexity score (CVCS), type of CV lesion, or vessel score in patients with UA or MI. These results suggest that CD40L plays a pathogenic role in triggering ACS.

Levels of Soluble TREM-Like Transcript 1 in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Chest Pain

“…Products of platelet degranulation such as soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) and its secretome products like the soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) have been measured before in the setting of ACS. The sCD40L has been regarded as an inflammatory mediator between neutrophils and platelets, 14 displaying outcome-dependent inflammatory patterns after NSTEMI and STEMI, 15,16 triggering ACS, 17,18 an independent risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events 19 and a marker of coronary artery disease activity. 19 sP-selectin also studied in the setting of ACS has been identified as having a role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary events, 20 a marker of impending coronary artery insult 21 and plaque destabilization.…”

ETC-1002 regulates immune response, leukocyte homing, and adipose tissue inflammation via LKB1-dependent activation of macrophage AMPK

“…In addition to the inhibition of canonical mediators of infl ammation, ETC-1002 significantly attenuated expression of CD40L and C5a. Interestingly, in clinical studies, plasma levels of CD40L and C5a are associated with an increased risk for the onset of acute cardiovascular events in humans ( 50,51 ). Further, the ability of ETC-1002 to attenuate macrophage chemotactic potential in vitro was confi rmed in a mouse model of thioglycollate-induced peritonitis in which administration of ETC-1002 largely reduced neutrophil and macrophage infl ux.…”

Pentoxifylline decreases soluble CD40 ligand concentration and CD40 gene expression in coronary artery disease patients

“…(25) Results of a recent study suggested that CD40L plays a pathogenic role in triggering ACS. (26) We demonstrated that sCD40L is a marker of CD40/CD40L system activation as well as CD40 mRNA in PBMCs decreased after 2 months of pentoxifylline administration. This introduced pentoxifylline as a compound delaying the atherosclerosis progression as well as plaque rupture.…”