Levels of tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecanes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human milk from the general population in Beijing, China

Shi, Zhixiong; Yang, Jiyong; Hu, Yue; Sun, Zhiwei; Zhou, Xianqing; Feng, Jing; Li, Jingguang; Wu, Yongning

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.038

Cited by 114 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…TBBPA is the most widely used BFR worldwide (Shi et al 2013), but its concentrations were lower than R 20 PBDEs in all sediment samples and higher than R 20 PBDEs in all water samples collected at all study sites. Two factors may explain this.…”

Section: Pollution Profiles Of Phenolic Bfrs and Bpamentioning

confidence: 86%

Pollution profiles and risk assessment of PBDEs and phenolic brominated flame retardants in water environments within a typical electronic waste dismantling region

Xiong

Zhang

et al. 2014

Environ Geochem Health

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The aim of this study was to assess the pollution profiles of various typical brominated flame retardants in water and surface sediment near a typical electronic waste dismantling region in southern China. We found that polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), pentabromophenol (PeBP), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and bisphenol A (BPA) were ubiquitous in the water and sediment samples collected in the study region. In water, R 19 PBDEs (sum of all 20 PBDE congeners studied except BDE-209, which was below the detection limit) levels ranged from 0.31 to 8.9 9 10 2 ng L -1 . TBP, PeBP, TBBPA, and BPA concentrations in the water samples ranged from not being detectable (nd-under the detection limit) to 3.2 9 10 2 (TBP), from nd to 37 (PeBP), from nd to 9.2 9 10 2 (TBBPA) and from nd-8.6 9 10 2 ng L -1 (BPA). In sediment, R 19 PBDEs ranged from nd to 5.6 9 10 3 ng g -1, while BDE-209 was the predominant congener, with a range of nd to 3.5 9 10 3 ng g -1. Tri-to hepta-BDE concentrations were significantly (p \ 0.01) correlated with each other, except for BDE-71 and BDE-183, and octa-to nona-BDEs concentrations were significantly (p \ 0.05) correlated with each other, except for BDE-208. BDE-209 was not significantly correlated with tri-to nona-BDEs. Risk assessments indicated that the water and sediment across the sampling sites posed no estrogenic risk. However, different eco-toxicity risk degrees at three trophic levels did exist at most sampling sites.

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Section: Pollution Profiles Of Phenolic Bfrs and Bpamentioning

confidence: 86%

Pollution profiles and risk assessment of PBDEs and phenolic brominated flame retardants in water environments within a typical electronic waste dismantling region

Xiong

Zhang

et al. 2014

Environ Geochem Health

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“…TBBPA is usually determined by chromatographic methods, such as HPLC–MS/MS (the limit of detection (LOD) reported as 0.5 ng g –1 ), 15 UPLC–MS/MS (LOD of 60 pg g –1 ) 12 and GC–MS (LOD of 90 pg g –1 ). 6 Even though highly sensitive and selective, these instrumental methods are very time-consuming, costly, and require complex operations such as derivatization for GC–MS analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterologous Antigen Selection of Camelid Heavy Chain Single Domain Antibodies against Tetrabromobisphenol A

Wang

Bever²,

Majkova³

et al. 2014

Anal. Chem.

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Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a ubiquitous flame retardant. A high-throughput immunoassay would allow for monitoring of human and environmental exposures as a part of risk assessment. Naturally occurring antibodies in camelids that are devoid of light chain, show great promise as an efficient tool in monitoring environmental contaminants, but they have been rarely used for small molecules. An alpaca was immunized with a TBBPA hapten coupled to thyroglobulin and a variable domain of heavy chain antibody (VHH) T3–15 highly selective for TBBPA was isolated from a phage displayed VHH library using heterologous coating antigens. Compared to the VHHs isolated using homologous antigens, VHH T3–15 had about a 10-fold improvement in sensitivity in an immunoassay. This assay, under the optimized conditions of 10% methanol in the assay buffer (pH 7.4), had an IC50 for TBBPA of 0.40 ng mL–1 and negligible cross reactivity (<0.1%) with other tested analogues. After heating the VHH at 90 °C for 90 min about 20% of the affinity for coating antigen T3-BSA remained. The recoveries of TBBPA from spiked soil and fetal bovine serum samples ranged from 90.3% to 110.7% by ELISA and agreed well with a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. We conclude the many advantages of VHH make them attractive for the development of immunoassays to small molecules.

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“…1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) is produced and used in China (Cai, 2008), but information on its production and consumption is not available. Recent investigations from China have raised concerns about the extensive presence of BFRs in the environment and in human tissue (Ma et al, 2012;Shi et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2009). However, information on BFR contamination from the BFR manufacturing areas in China is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural soils in a BFR-manufacturing region of North China

Zhu¹,

Chen²,

Zheng³

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

145

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Levels of tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecanes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human milk from the general population in Beijing, China

Cited by 114 publications

References 69 publications

Pollution profiles and risk assessment of PBDEs and phenolic brominated flame retardants in water environments within a typical electronic waste dismantling region

Pollution profiles and risk assessment of PBDEs and phenolic brominated flame retardants in water environments within a typical electronic waste dismantling region

Heterologous Antigen Selection of Camelid Heavy Chain Single Domain Antibodies against Tetrabromobisphenol A

Occurrence of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural soils in a BFR-manufacturing region of North China

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