Leverage points for addressing marine and coastal pollution: A review

Riechers, Maraja; Brunner, Benedikt; Dajka, Jan-Claas; Duse, Ioana Alexandra; Lübker, Hannah Marlen; Manlosa, Aisa O.; Sala, Juan Emilio; Schaal, Tamara; Weidlich, Sabine

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112263

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…3,[16.]). This observation has already been made for the case of marine pollution, where it has been found that pollution is primarily studied as a technical problem rather than a systemic socioecological issue (Riechers et al 2021). Filling these gaps is urgent as many Arctic food system challenges increase in complexity and develop to span different social and ecological subsystems (Stephen 2018).…”

Section: Knowledge Gaps Across the Existing Literature Basementioning

confidence: 96%

“…In recent years, there have been efforts to evaluate to what extent scientific literature (Riechers et al 2021;Dorninger et al 2020) and management projects (Burgos-Ayala et al 2020) have promoted transformative change in the context of sustainability. To do so, Donella Meadows' (1999) leverage points has been used as an analytical framework to identify levels of change ranging from shallow, superficial changes to deeper systemic changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A leverage points perspective on Arctic Indigenous food systems research: a systematic review

et al. 2023

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Arctic food systems are increasingly challenged by rapid climate change, loss of food security and subsequent weakening of food sovereignty, and destabilization of Indigenous practices. Despite growing scientific knowledge on Arctic food systems, Indigenous communities continue to struggle with a plethora of sustainability challenges. To develop a systemic understanding of these challenges, we performed a systematic review of 526 articles published between 1998 and 2021 on Arctic Indigenous food systems. We used the leverage points framework to structure our analysis to understand to what extent the existing Western scientific body of literature provides the necessary knowledge to understand the food system characteristics that give rise to the current sustainability challenges. We combined deductive qualitative and inductive quantitative approaches to identify gaps in the systemic understanding of Arctic Indigenous food systems. We characterized existing research across the four levels of systemic depth—parameters, feedbacks, design, intent—and identified promising directions for future research. Our analyses show that research on food systems is clustered within six main domains, we term environmental contaminants, diet and health, food security, food culture and economy, changing socio-ecological systems and marine and coast. Based on our analysis, we identify three directions for future research that we believe to be of particular importance to enable sustainability transformations of Arctic Indigenous food systems: (i) the decolonization of research practices, (ii) acknowledging the significance of systemic interdependencies across shallow and deep leverage points, and (iii) transdisciplinary action-oriented research collaborations directing transformative system interventions.

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Section: Knowledge Gaps Across the Existing Literature Basementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A leverage points perspective on Arctic Indigenous food systems research: a systematic review

et al. 2023

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“…These are societal behaviours; equity and access to technologies; and governance and policy (Willis et al, 2022). Taking a systemic view of marine pollution, at least two specific interventions ('leverage points') could enhance the transformation towards sustainability (Riechers et al, 2021). Firstly, international environmental regulations, such as those set under the UN Stockholm Convention, or climate protection legislation that addresses the root causes of marine pollution and regulates negative or unintended effects.…”

Section: Understanding the Impact Of Climate Change And Pollution Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-smart socially innovative tools and approaches for marine pollution science in support of sustainable development

Lange¹,

Cabana²,

Ebeling³

et al. 2023

Camb. prisms Coast. futures

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There is a complex interaction between pollution, climate change, the environment and people. This complex interplay of actions and impacts is particularly relevant in coastal regions, where the land meets the sea. To achieve sustainable development in coastal systems, a better understanding is necessary of the role and impact of pollution and the connectedness of the elements, namely: pollution, climate and the people, as well as associated impacts unfolding in an integrated social-ecological system. In this context, the enabling capacity of tools connecting scientific efforts to societal demands is much debated. This paper establishes the basis for climate-smart socially innovative tools and approaches for marine pollution science. The goal of developing a set of innovative tools is twofold: first, to build on, integrate, and further improve the well-founded strengths in diagnosis and process understanding of systemic environmental problems; and, second, to provide decision-making with usable information to create actionable knowledge for managing the impact of marine pollution on the social-ecological system under a changing climate. The paper concludes by establishing the scope for a 'last mile' approach incorporating scientific evidence of pollution under climate change conditions into decision-making in a social-ecological system on the coast. The paper uses case studies to demonstrate the need for collaborative tools to connect the science of coastal pollution and climate with decision-making on managing human activities in a social-ecological system. Impact StatementCoastal regions are relevant because of the physical complexity of land meeting the ocean. At the same time, coastal development is an important element of the ocean economy. In recognition of this aspect, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its SDG #14 call for the following priority actions: reducing marine pollution, particularly from land-based sources, litter, hazardous substances, and nutrients. To achieve sustainable development in coastal systems, a better understanding of the role and impact of pollution and the connectedness of the elements, namely pollution, climate and the people, as well as associated impacts unfolding in integrated social-ecological systems is necessary. Science is

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“…Marine exhaust gas generated by the combustion of fossil fuel in marine engines can be considered one of the major causes of marine environment pollution. Another environmental problem inherent to the maritime sector is seawater pollution, which represents a direct impairment of the marine ecosystem triggered from a variety of sources [1]. Air pollution negatively affects the environment with global warming and acidification on global basis, while the seawater pollution effect on the environment is locally oriented, and affects the ecosystem and the human health for people nearby the pollution source, which is especially destructive if the sea is enclosed, as is the case with the Adriatic Sea.…”

Section: Environmental Problems In the Maritime Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced technical solutions for marine pollution control in the Adriatic Sea

Perčić¹,

Vladimir²,

Jovanović³

et al. 2022

Rad Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti

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The major environmental problems within the maritime sector are atmospheric pollution due to the extensive use of fossil fuels in ship power systems, as well as seawater pollution from various sources (e.g. oil spills, microplastic, acidification, etc.). Due to their negative effect on the environment, human health and marine ecosystem, they should be carefully controlled. The studies on environmental problems of the maritime sector are more focused on atmospheric pollution, mainly thanks to the Paris Agreement. The ships are mostly powered by conventional power systems (diesel engines), and their negative effect on the environment would be lower with the implementation of some measures for emission reduction. In this paper, the outcomes of the research into the advanced technical measures for maritime pollution control are summarized, where the emphasis is put on ro-ro passenger ships engaged in the Croatian short-sea shipping sector. The results of the performed Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life-Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA) suggested that conventional power systems should be modernized by ship electrification. This solution is represented as the most cost-effective and the most environmentally friendly solution regarding air pollution reduction. Furthermore, regarding seawater protection, several aspects of the advanced early warning system, that is being developed by the authors, are discussed. Finally, in line with the global trends in the maritime sector, a review on increasing the degree of autonomy of ships is given, as one of the most important topics for the near future.

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Leverage points for addressing marine and coastal pollution: A review

Cited by 39 publications

References 64 publications

A leverage points perspective on Arctic Indigenous food systems research: a systematic review

A leverage points perspective on Arctic Indigenous food systems research: a systematic review

Climate-smart socially innovative tools and approaches for marine pollution science in support of sustainable development

Advanced technical solutions for marine pollution control in the Adriatic Sea

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