Leveraging intellectual property rights to encourage green product design and remanufacturing for sustainable waste management

Ease of disassembly of products to support circular economy strategies

“…Accordingly, a reduction in disassembly time significantly cuts down the efforts and the costs of these activities. Moreover, a decrease in disassembly effort can make product remanufacturing or component reuse the preferred End-of-Life (EoL) strategy over recycling or disposal ( Yang et al, 2014 , Yang et al, 2011 , Duflou et al, 2008 ), which is environmentally beneficial ( Diener and Tillman, 2015 , Krystofik et al, 2015 ). Furthermore, recycling of complex products, such as electronics, is in industrialised countries predominantly based on mechanical comminution and automated material separation.…”

An examination of the product development process for fashion remanufacturing

“…Remanufacturing minimises the use of virgin materials and therefore 15 recognised as one of the best methods for sustainable production and managing wastes 16 (Krystofik et al, 2015). The process of remanufacturing is described as the disassembly of used 17 products, inspection, cleaning and reworking of component parts, and use them back in a 18 manufacturing process to create a product as new quality (Narsar and Thurston, 2006; Majumder 19 and Groenevelt, 2001).Remanufacturing differs from repairing or recycling; repairing means 20 restoration of broken or damaged product to the working order (Khor and Udin, 2013), and 21 recycling converts materials to a different product with different functions (Michaud and 22 Llerena, 2006).…”

Investigating motivating factors for sound hospital waste management

“…Necessary modifications were made to reflect the specialized nature of the study. Existing studies on SWM usually focus on economic incentive as the main motivating factor (Cossu and Masi, 2013;Krystofik et al, 2015). However, it is difficult to employ economic incentives here because our focus is on resourceconstrained environments.…”