“…Articles in this supplement provide realworld experiences of how integration has happened and detail potential challenges to prepare for. 6,8,9,11 Integration through a life course vaccination approach depends on the demand for adult vaccines, or at least, a reduction of vaccine hesitancy and management of vaccine-related disinformation in an integrated system as key elements of generating demand for life course vaccination. 7 The enormous amount of resources invested in supporting the COVID-19 pandemic response provided opportunities for broader health system strengthening, both for standard care and as a means of preventing and preparing for future public health emergencies, such as the examples seen in the work of Akhlaghi et al, Hagos et al, and Tella-Lah et al 10,12,13 Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic during the emergency phase and, more recently, through the integration of vaccination activities into PHC, such as those shared in this supplement, should be used to inform policymakers, researchers, and program managers as they strive to consider ways to build resilient health systems while integrating health care services, such as COVID-19 vaccination, into the broader immunization and PHC system.…”