Levulinic acid hydrogenation to γ-valerolactone over single Ru atoms on a TiO₂@nitrogen doped carbon support

Abstract

The transformation of levulinic acid(LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) in water at room temperature is very interesting. In this work, we designed and prepared single Ru atoms on TiO2@nitrogen droped porous...

Efficient conversion of lactic acid to alanine over noble metal supported on Ni@C catalysts

“…In addition, we can further confirm that the metals Ni and Ru are present partially in the form of metal oxides according to the presence of lattice O species in Ru(Ni)–O bonds. 34,35…”

“…In addition, we can further conrm that the metals Ni and Ru are present partially in the form of metal oxides according to the presence of lattice O species in Ru(Ni)-O bonds. 34,35 In order to obtain the true metal loadings of catalysts, the ICP-AES analysis was executed and the results are listed in Table 2. Compared with the initial 78.8 wt% of Ni@C, the most Ni loss rate of 11.2 wt% was observed for Pt/Ni@C. In addition, the Pt agglomeration spots of Pt/Ni@C can be observed in TEM images (Fig.…”

Nitrogen doped carbon for Pd-catalyzed hydropurification of crude terephthalic acid: roles of nitrogen species

“…This results indicated that N doping can secure Pd NPs on their original position and inhibit the growth of Pd NPs. 43,44 In addition, the surface area of Pd/AC-500 and Pd/N_AC-500 was 921.2 and 940.6 m 2 g À1 , and the corresponding pore volume was 0.488 and 0.489 cm 3 g À1 respectively. The surface area and pore volume of aged samples slightly increased compared with the fresh ones.…”

Conversion of biomass-derived feedstocks into value-added chemicals over single-atom catalysts

“…For example, Zhang et al prepared a single-atom Ru/ TiO 2 @CN catalyst using the pyrolysis technique where NH 2 -MIL-125 MOF was used as the precursor. 55 The striking fact was that the catalyst could completely convert LA into GVL with 100% selectivity at room temperature in water. Compared to the benchmark Ru/C catalyst, the Ru SAC showed 35 times higher activity with a TOF of 278 mol GVL mol Ru −1 h −1 .…”