Lexicography Then and Now

Zgusta, Ladislav; Doležal, Fredric; Creamer, Thomas

doi:10.1515/9783110924459

Cited by 89 publications

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“…Many prominent specialists in the field of lexicography and linguistics have expressed their views on the subject of equivalence of synonyms in various languages (cf. Adamska-Sałaciak 2010; Gouws and Prinsloo 2008;Hartmann 2007;Zgusta 1971Zgusta , 2006. Without the adequate realization of the fact that synonyms are not always fully equivalent, it is practically impossible to find the best translation and give proper definition to a word from the source language within a dictionary word-entry, as it has often been discussed in the papers of renowned lexicologists (cf.…”

Section: Some Lexicological Aspects Of the Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lexicographic and Lexicological Aspects of a Web-Based Chrestomathy of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Written Records

Margalitadze

Meladze

2019

LEXI

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There is a general lack of web-based tools for morphologically complex dead/old languages. Reading texts in such languages even with dictionaries is quite challenging. It is difficult to identify the lemma of a word form occurring in texts, which one could look up in a dictionary. The need for additional grammatical information about a word (classes of declension, conjugation, etc.) poses another problem. The Lexicographic Centre at Ivanè Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (TSU) has embarked on creating a fully digitalized, web-based chrestomathy of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon texts with dictionaries and grammatical paradigms integrated in it, which would facilitate the study of these linguistically important languages. Each word of the digital versions of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon texts is hyperlinked to the corresponding headword from the dictionary. The dictionary entry itself, in addition to the meaning of the word, provides via another hyperlink all necessary information concerning the morphological class and inflectional patterns of the word in question. The paper describes the structure of the Chrestomathy and its modus operandi; analyses the dictionary component of the online resource and some lexicographic solutions; discusses lexicological and technical aspects of the online resource, etc. The method applied in the Chrestomathy can be successfully used in developing similar resources for extant, morphologically complex languages characterized with the abundance of inflectional and suppletive forms, such as Hungarian, Turkish, Russian, German, Georgian and many others.

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Section: Some Lexicological Aspects Of the Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lexicographic and Lexicological Aspects of a Web-Based Chrestomathy of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Written Records

Margalitadze

Meladze

2019

LEXI

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“…The logical requirement of starting with the etymological (or derivational) meaning is much stronger in diachronic dictionaries than in synchronic dictionaries (Zgusta 2006: 29), and DSAEHist uses labels such as obsolete, obsolescent and historical to elucidate this. Zgusta (2006: 3) points out that "a historical dictionary can offer … a description of a ... stage in the development of [a] language" or it could be "concerned with the development of a language in the past only, not focusing on or even not considering at all the present state of that language. … Thus, the expression historical dictionary is used in reference both to period dictionaries, and to diachronic dictionaries, either of them situated on various points or stretches of the flow of time, or development.…”

Section: Historical Dictionariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firming Up the Foundations: Reflections on Verifying the Quotations in a Historical Dictionary, with Reference to A Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles

Hicks

2011

Lex

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A Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles (DSAEHist) is rooted inquotation evidence. It contains just over 8 000 South African English entries, with about 45 000 citations to support those words included as headwords in the dictionary. Using the legacy electronic format in which DSAEHist was typeset, the Dictionary Unit for South African English embarked on a digitising process of DSAEHist, during which it became clear that the quotations would benefit from a full review involving the verification of all quotations against their original sources. This article examines the evolution of the quotation verification project from its beginnings as an entirely manual exercise to its current use of software developed for the purpose. Some of the project's achievements, such as antedatings and primary source identification, are highlighted, and challenges, such as unverifiable quotations and sometimes highly convoluted research paths, are described. In addition to this, the article looks at the necessarily systematic nature of quotation handling and the main types of considerations determining methodology (for example, lexicographic, bibliographic and typographic requirements). Engels 'n digitaliseringsproses van die DSAEHist onderneem waartydens die duidelik geword het dat die aanhalings sal baat by 'n volledige hersiening wat die kontrolering van alle aanhalings in hulle oorspronklike bronne behels. Die artikel ondersoek die vordering van die aanhalingskontroleringsprojek vanaf sy begin as 'n algehele handtaak tot sy huidige gebruik van programmatuur wat vir die doel ontwikkel is. 'n Aantal van die projek se suksesse soos vroeëre daterings en primê-rebronidentifikasie word uitgelig, en uitdagings soos onkontroleerbare aanhalings en somtyds hoogs verstrengelde navorsingsroetes word beskryf. Hierbenewens kyk die artikel na die noodsaaklik sistematiese aard van aanhalingshantering en die hoofsoorte oorwegings wat metodologie (byvoorbeeld, leksikografiese, bibliografiese en tipografiese vereistes) bepaal. Keywords: DICTIONARY, SOUTH AFRICAN ENGLISH, HISTORICAL PRINCIPLES

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“…Prototype theory has recently drawn a great deal of attention from dictionary makers and researchers (Hanks 1994, Rey 1990, Swanepoel 1994, Van der Meer 1999, Geeraerts 2006, Zgusta 2006. In a discussion of the relationship between prototypicality and lexicography, Geeraerts concludes that cognitive semantics offers "an exciting perspective for the further development of lexicography" (Geeraerts 2006: 363).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Hedges in Definitions: Out of Necessity or Theory-Driven?

Kamiński

2019

LEXI

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Language has an inventory of words and expressions (e.g. especially, sort of, loosely speaking) used to communicate that what is being said is not exactly precise or complete. Referred to as hedges, they provide support for the conception of prototypically organized categories, developed by Eleanor Rosch in the 1970s and elaborated by her followers in subsequent decades.Given the fact that hedges are extremely useful for lexicographers in defining, this paper examined the frequency and distribution of hedges in major English dictionaries over the past centuries. One of the findings of this research is the fact that, although hedges have been used in English lexicography since Johnson-1785, their use has intensified in certain dictionaries since the rise of prototype theory, suggesting that recent defining practice in these dictionaries must have been influenced by this theory. Other factors determining the use of hedges were explored. STYLEOpsomming: Die gebruik van vaaghede in definisies: Noodsaaklik of teoriegedrewe? Taal beskik oor 'n lys woorde en uitdrukkings (bv. veral, 'n soort, oor die algemeen) wat gebruik word om aan te dui dat wat gesê word nie heeltemal akkuraat of volledig is nie.Hierdie terme, wat vaaghede genoem word, verleen steun aan die voorstelling van prototipies georganiseerde kategorieë wat in die 1970's deur Eleanor Rosch ontwikkel is en deur haar volgelinge in daaropvolgende dekades verfyn is. Aangesien vaaghede uiters nuttig vir leksikograwe is tydens definiëring, is die frekwensie en verspreiding daarvan in die belangrikste Engelse woordeboeke van die afgelope eeue in hierdie artikel ondersoek. Een van die bevindings van hierdie navorsing is dat, alhoewel vaaghede sedert Johnson-1785 in Engelse leksikografie gebruik is, hul gebruik in sekere woordeboeke toegeneem het sedert die opkoms van die prototipeteorie, wat daarop dui dat onlangse defineerpraktyk(e) in hierdie woordeboeke deur dié teorie beïnvloed moes gewees het. Ander faktore wat die gebruik van vaaghede bepaal, is ook verken

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Lexicography Then and Now

Cited by 89 publications

References 0 publications

The Lexicographic and Lexicological Aspects of a Web-Based Chrestomathy of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Written Records

The Lexicographic and Lexicological Aspects of a Web-Based Chrestomathy of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Written Records

Firming Up the Foundations: Reflections on Verifying the Quotations in a Historical Dictionary, with Reference to A Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles

Use of Hedges in Definitions: Out of Necessity or Theory-Driven?

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