Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications

Belharouak, Ilias; Sun, Yang Kook; Liu, J; Amine, Khalil

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00529-9

Cited by 331 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The lowest capacity fading of roughly 7 mAh/g between cycle 3 and 50 is observed for the 0.33 Li 2 MnO 3 (247 mAh/g to 240 mAh/g). Comparing this with the results from Figure 3 suggests that a higher oxygen release leads to more extensive 6 electrolyte, and a glassfiber separator. The first activation cycle was carried out at C/10 to 4.8 V where the potential was held for 1 h and then the cell was discharged at C/5 to 2.0 V, followed by an analogous second activation cycle at C/5 (up to 4.8 V + 1 h CV); all further cycling (i.e., starting at the third cycle) was carried out at C/5 rate without any CV-steps (CC charge/discharge) between 2.0 V and 4.7 V. (a) shows the specific discharge capacity as a function of the cycle number (note that the first two discharge capacities are cycled up to 4.8 V followed by 1 h CV), while (b) shows the corresponding mean charge and discharge voltage (as defined by Eq.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li₂MnO₃Content

Teufl

Strehle

Müller³

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

157

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In this study, we will show how the oxygen release depends on the Li 2 MnO 3 content of the material and how it affects the actual voltage fading of the material. Thus, we compared overlithiated NCMs (x Li 2 MnO 3 • (1-x) LiMeO 2 ; Me = Ni, Co, Mn) with x = 0.33, 0.42 and 0.50, focusing on oxygen release and electrochemical performance. We could show that the oxygen release differs vastly for the materials, while voltage fading is similar, which leads to the conclusion that the oxygen release is a chemical material degradation, occurring at the surface, while voltage fading is a bulk issue of these materials. We could prove this hypothesis by HRTEM, showing a surface layer, which is dependent on the amount of oxygen released in the first cycles and leads to an increase of the charge-transfer resistance of these materials. Furthermore, we could quantitatively deconvolute capacity contributions from bulk and surface regions by dQ/dV analysis and correlate them to the oxygen loss. As a last step, we compared the gassing to the base NCM (LiMeO 2 , Me = Ni, Co, Mn), showing that surface degradation follows a similar reaction pathway and can be easily To face future issues, as global warming, air pollution, as well as the consumption of fossil fuels, an alternative is required to cover the future demand of energy and mobility in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way. In this context, lithium-ion batteries are viable options for large scale energy storage and for electric vehicles, as they have been used to power consumer electronics for many years. 1,2Since graphite is an excellent anode material at potentials of ≈0.1 V vs. Li + /Li with a roughly 2-fold higher specific capacity of about 360 mAh/g compared to currently used cathode active materials (CAMs), many efforts have been undertaken to increase the specific capacity and energy density of CAMs. As first practical cathode active material Lithium-Cobalt-Oxide (LCO) was investigated by Goodenough et al. in the 1980s, exhibiting a specific capacity of about 140 mAh/g and having a layered structure composed of lithium and transition metal layers.3 As these layered structures showed good structural stability during lithium extraction and insertion, and therefore good capacity retention, many attempts have been undertaken to further develop alternative layered structures which would offer higher capacity. One promising attempt that led to the currently used Lithium-NickelCobalt-Manganese-Oxides (NCMs) is to change the occupancy of the transition metal layer by not using exclusively cobalt, but also introducing nickel and manganese into the transition metal layer; hereby it was found that nickel shows a high redox activity, while manganese helps to stabilize the structure during lithium extraction.4-6 By using different transition metals and metal compositions, a playground has been created that allows to tune the properties of the material: while initially a Ni:Co:Mn ratio of 1:1:1 was used (also referred to as NCM-111), trends nowadays favor the so-called Ni...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li₂MnO₃Content

Teufl

Strehle

Müller³

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

157

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“…16) The area specific impedance (ASI) was determined using the equation: (A·∆V)/I, 17) where A is the cross-sectional area of the electrode (1.0 cm 2 ), ∆V the voltage variation during the current interruption for 60 s at each DOD, and I the constant current density of 0.1 mA/cm 2 (the thickness of the cathode film was approximately 40 µm). In Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Behavior Cyclic Voltammetry Is a Complementamentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Treatment of LiFePo₄Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

Son¹

2010

Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society

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: In this study, nano-crystallized Al 2 O 3 was coated on the surface of LiFePO 4 powders via a novel dry coating method. The influence of coated LiFePO 4 upon electrochemical behavior was discussed. Surface morphology characterization was achieved by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), clearly showing nano-crystallized Al 2 O 3 on LiFePO 4 surfaces. Furthermore, it revealed that the Al 2 O 3 -coated LiFePO 4 cathode exhibited a distinct surface morphology. It was also found that the Al 2 O 3 coating reduces capacity fading especially at high charge/discharge rates. Results from the cyclic voltammogram measurements (2.5-4.2 V) showed a significant decrease in both interfacial resistance and cathode polarization. This behavior implies that Al 2 O 3 can prevent structural change of LiFePO 4 or reaction with the electrolyte on cycling. In addition, the Al 2 O 3 coated LiFePO 4 compound showed highly improved area-specific impedance (ASI), an important measure of battery performance. From the correlation between these characteristics of bare and coated LiFePO 4 , the role of Al 2 O 3 coating played on the electrochemical performance of LiFePO 4 was probed.

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“…During lithium insertion/extraction, a combination of electrode kinetics, ohmic drop and Li + ion diffusion cause a change in the overall cell voltage. 14 The area specific impedance (ASI) was determined by (A·ΔV)/I, 15 where A is the cross-sectional area of the electrode (1 cm 2 ), ΔV is the voltage variation during current interruption for 60s at each DOD, and I is a constant current density of 0.1 mA/cm 2 (The thickness of cathode film was about 40 μm). As can be seen in Figure 5 ).…”

Section: Improvement Of Electrochemical Properties Of Surface Modifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Electrochemical Properties of Surface Modified Li_1.05Ni_0.35Co_0.25Mn_0.4O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

Son¹

2008

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications

Cited by 331 publications

References 10 publications

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li₂MnO₃Content

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li₂MnO₃Content

Surface Treatment of LiFePo₄Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

Improvement of Electrochemical Properties of Surface Modified Li_1.05Ni_0.35Co_0.25Mn_0.4O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

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Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications

Cited by 331 publications

References 10 publications

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li2MnO3Content

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li2MnO3Content

Surface Treatment of LiFePo4Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

Improvement of Electrochemical Properties of Surface Modified Li1.05Ni0.35Co0.25Mn0.4O2Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

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Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li₂MnO₃Content

Oxygen Release and Surface Degradation of Li- and Mn-Rich Layered Oxides in Variation of the Li₂MnO₃Content

Surface Treatment of LiFePo₄Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery

Improvement of Electrochemical Properties of Surface Modified Li_1.05Ni_0.35Co_0.25Mn_0.4O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Secondary Battery