Li–O₂/Air Batteries Using Ionic Liquids – A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The remarkable surge in energy demand has compelled the quest for high‐energy‐density battery systems. The Li–O2 battery (LOB) and Li–air battery (LAB), owing to their extremely high theoretical energy density, have attracted extensive research in the past two decades. The commercial development of LOB is hampered due to the numerous challenges its components present. Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered potential electrolyte solvents of LOBs and LABs due to their excellent electrochemical stability, thermal stability, non‐flammability, low flammability, and O2 solubility. In addition to electrolyte solvents, ILs also have other applications in LOB and LAB systems. This review reports the progress of IL‐based LOBs and LABs over the years since treported for the first time in 2005. The impact of the physiochemical properties of ILs on the performance of LOB and LAB at various operating conditions is thoroughly discussed. The various methodologies are also summarized that are employed to tune ILs’ physiochemical properties to render them more favorable for rechargeable lithium batteries. Tunable properties of ILs create the possibility of designing cost‐effective batteries with excellent safety, high energy density and high power density, and long‐term stability.

A Review of Polymer-Based Environment-Induced Nanogenerators: Power Generation Performance and Polymer Material Manipulations

“…Ionic liquids, characterized as molten salt liquids composed entirely of cations and anions with melting points equal to or below 100 °C, serve this purpose [ 138 ]. Ionic liquid boasts outstanding electrochemical stability, thermal stability, and low volatility, making it a versatile choice as a solvent or electrolyte [ 139 ]. Introducing ionic liquids into the internal solvent of the gel facilitates the maintenance of a stable liquid environment within the gel across a broad temperature range.…”

In Situ Polymerized Quasi-Solid Electrolytes Compounded with Ionic Liquid Empowering Long-Life Cycling of 4.45 V Lithium–Metal Battery

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) have garnered widespread applications as green solvents in the chemical industry owing to their excellent dissolving capacity and thermal stability. − Their high electrochemical stability, superior interface compatibility, and elevated ionic conductivity position them as promising additives for LMBs. , Yang et al employed an in situ polymerization-induced phase separation method to fabricate the polymer electrolyte PDIL-SPE. Within PDIL-SPE, IL 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis­(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)­imide ([EMIM]­[TFSI]) and the polymer framework form a unique three-dimensional interconnected structure, exhibiting excellent ionic conductivity (0.74 mS cm –1 at 25 °C), a wide electrochemical window (4.86 V), and superior Li interface compatibility.…”

Superhalide-Anion-Motivator Reforming-Enabled Bipolar Manipulation toward Longevous Energy-Type Zn||Chalcogen Batteries

“…During chalcogen oxidation conversion, high-valence cation species are moisture-sensitive. Thus, even being activated in aqueous electrolytes, irreversible intermediate decomposition usually causes rapid battery failure. , In contrast, with adequately wide electrochemical stability windows (ESWs), ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes with cheap compositions are more appropriate to access high-voltage chalcogen oxidation conversion and avoid water-derived side reactions. − Especially, in IL electrolytes with neutrophilic superhalide anions, the chalcogen oxidation conversion is more prone to be triggered. Most recently, a 6-electron Te conversion was reported in BMImCl:ZnCl 2 and BMImCl:EG:ZnCl 2 IL electrolytes for Zn batteries, delivering a lifespan of 400 cycles at 1 A g –1 .…”