Li-Rich Layered Oxides and Their Practical Challenges: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Hu, Sijiang; Pillai, Anoop Somanathan; Liang, Gemeng; Pang, Wei; Wang, Shaoyi; Li, Qingyu; Guo, Zaiping

doi:10.1007/s41918-019-00032-8

Cited by 184 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…Compared to the cathode materials, there is more room in anode materials to increase the capacity. For example, the gravimetric capacity of conventional LiCoO 2 cathode is around 165 mAh/g, which is 0.2 to 1 times lower than that of Ni‐rich or Li‐rich cathodes, while the gravimetric capacity of Si anode is 10 times higher than that of conventional graphite anode (372 mAh/g). With the same cathode material, replacing graphite with Si can significantly improve the energy density of LIBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries

et al. 2019

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Increasing the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is important for satisfying the demands of electric vehicles and advanced electronics.Silicon is considered as one of the most-promising anodes to replace the traditional graphite anode for the realization of high-energy LIBs due to its extremely high theoretical capacity, although its severe volume changes during lithiation/delithiation have led to a big challenge for practical application. In contrast, the co-utilization of Si and graphite has been well recognized as one of the preferred strategies for commercialization in the near future. In this review, we focus on different carbonaceous additives, such as carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene oxide, and pyrolyzed carbon derived from precursors such as pitch, sugars, heteroatom polymers, and so forth, which play an important role in constructing micrometersized hierarchical structures of silicon/graphite/carbon (Si/G/C) composites and tailoring the morphology and surface with good structural stability, good adhesion, high electrical conductivity, high tap density, and good interface chemistry to achieve high capacity and long cycling stability simultaneously. We first discuss the importance and challenge of the co-utilization of Si and graphite. Then, we carefully review and compare the improved effects of various types of carbonaceous materials and their associated structures on the electrochemical performance of Si/G/C composites. We also review the diverse synthesis techniques and treatment methods, which are also significant factors for optimizing Si/G/C composites. Finally, we provide a pertinent evaluation of these forms of carbon according to their suitability for commercialization. We also make far-ranging suggestions with regard to the selection of proper carbonaceous materials and the design of Si/G/C composites for further development. K E Y W O R D Scarbonaceous additives, graphite, high energy, lithium-ion batteries, silicon ---

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries

et al. 2019

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“…One of the serious issues of this class of materials is the rapid voltage and capacity degradation with successive cycling. [20][21][22][23][24] Apart from this, these materials show poor initial coulombic efficiency, poor rate capability, structural instability, and safety issues which retard their commercialization. [20][21][22] Most of these problems are linked to the unstable interface between the cathode and the organic electrolyte, especially at high operating voltage leading to the development of unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of surface coating on electrochemical and thermal behaviors of a Li-rich Li_1.2Ni_0.16Mn_0.56Co_0.08O₂ cathode

et al. 2020

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“…The related layered structures are classified as O3, P2, P3, etc., according to the stacking sequence of the transition metals and alkali ions. [24][25][26][27][28][29] For example, improved cyclability was achieved in Mg-substituted Na 0.67 Mn 1−x Mg x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) by suppressing the electrochemical activity of the Jahn-Teller Mn 3+ ions; however, this improvement was attained at the expense of the specific capacity. are stable in the P2 structure for Na contents (x) in the range of 0.3-0.7.…”

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“…[7][8][9] Layered sodium transition metal oxides of the form Na x MO 2 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, etc.) [24][25][26][27][28][29] For example, improved cyclability was achieved in Mg-substituted Na 0.67 Mn 1−x Mg x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) by suppressing the electrochemical activity of the Jahn-Teller Mn 3+ ions; however, this improvement was attained at the expense of the specific capacity. This structure enables sodium ion diffusion between the two face-sharing trigonal prismatic sites such that P2-type layered materials generally exhibit higher discharge capacities than other layered materials.…”

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Controlled Oxygen Redox for Excellent Power Capability in Layered Sodium‐Based Compounds

Kim

Konarov

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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resources. [1][2][3][4][5] However, because of the slightly higher standard electrode potential of sodium (−2.7 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)) than lithium (−3.02 V vs SHE), high-capacity electrode materials are needed for SIBs to compensate for their lower operation voltage and to achieve energy densities comparable to those of LIBs. It can be assumed that the cost of SIBs can be lowered relative to that of LIBs because of the cost-effectiveness of sodium resources. [6] These factors encourage us to explore potential highenergy-density cathode materials for SIBs.Among the various crystal structures of Na-containing compounds, layered structures have been intensively investigated because of their high capacity delivered under moderate operation conditions. The related layered structures are classified as O3, P2, P3, etc., according to the stacking sequence of the transition metals and alkali ions. [7][8][9] Layered sodium transition metal oxides of the form Na x MO 2 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, etc.) are stable in the P2 structure for Na contents (x) in the range of 0.3-0.7. This structure enables sodium ion diffusion between the two face-sharing trigonal prismatic sites such that P2-type layered materials generally exhibit higher discharge capacities than other layered materials. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Na 0.67 MnO 2 is one of the most common compounds among P2-type materials. [19][20][21][22][23] It delivers a high discharge capacity of over 175 mAh g −1 but exhibits severe capacity fade during cycling. One of the main reasons for this capacity fade is the structural disintegration caused by the Jahn-Teller effect of Mn 3+ ions in the MnO 6 octahedra, with elongation of the Mn 3+ -O distance along one direction. This Jahn-Teller effect can be mitigated by increasing the overall Mn oxidation state by substituting Mn with other elements, such as Ni, Co, Fe, Mg, and Al. [24][25][26][27][28][29] For example, improved cyclability was achieved in Mg-substituted Na 0.67 Mn 1−x Mg x O 2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) by suppressing the electrochemical activity of the Jahn-Teller Mn 3+ ions; however, this improvement was attained at the expense of the specific capacity. [26] Recently, Yabuuchi et al. [27] introduced a high-capacity P2-type Na 2/3 [Mg 0.28 Mn 0.72 ]O 2 material that exhibited capacities of over 150 mAh g −1 on charge and 220 mAh g −1 on discharge by raising the upper voltage cut-off to 4.6 V. Note that the average oxidation state of Mn in the compound is ≈3.85+, meaning that it cannot exhibit such a high charge capacity. The A high-rate of oxygen redox assisted by cobalt in layered sodium-based compounds is achieved. The rationally designed Na 0.6 [Mg 0.2 Mn 0.6 Co 0.2 ]O 2 exhibits outstanding electrode performance, delivering a discharge capacity of 214 mAh g −1 (26 mA g −1 ) with capacity retention of 87% after 100 cycles. High rate performance is also achieved at 7C (1.82 A g −1 ) with a capacity of 107 mAh g −1 . Surprisingly, the Na 0.6 [Mg 0.2 Mn 0.6 Co 0.2 ]O 2 compound is able to deliver...

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Li-Rich Layered Oxides and Their Practical Challenges: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Cited by 184 publications

References 247 publications

The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries

The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries

Impact of surface coating on electrochemical and thermal behaviors of a Li-rich Li_1.2Ni_0.16Mn_0.56Co_0.08O₂ cathode

Controlled Oxygen Redox for Excellent Power Capability in Layered Sodium‐Based Compounds

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Li-Rich Layered Oxides and Their Practical Challenges: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Cited by 184 publications

References 247 publications

The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries

The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries

Impact of surface coating on electrochemical and thermal behaviors of a Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 cathode

Controlled Oxygen Redox for Excellent Power Capability in Layered Sodium‐Based Compounds

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Impact of surface coating on electrochemical and thermal behaviors of a Li-rich Li_1.2Ni_0.16Mn_0.56Co_0.08O₂ cathode