Li4Ti5O12 hollow microspheres assembled by nanosheets as an anode material for high-rate lithium ion batteries

Tang, Yufeng; Yang, Li; Fang, Shaohua; Zheng, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.05.092

Cited by 160 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…If the electrode can be cycled reversibly another approach is to accumulate statistics over several cycles (Meija et al, 2016). Spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) shows almost no strain upon (de)lithiation and its relatively high voltage prevents decomposition of typical Li-ion battery electrolytes (Tang et al, 2009;Odziomek et al, 2017;Wang S. et al, 2017). These properties ensure excellent rate capabilities, stable cycling and a long cycle life (Singh et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando Neutron Depth Profiling to Determine the Spatial Distribution of Li in Li-ion Batteries

Verhallen

Wagemaker

2018

Front. Energy Res.

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Neutron Depth Profiling (NDP) allows determination of the spatial distribution of specific isotopes, via neutron capture reactions. In a capture reaction charged particles with fixed kinetic energy are formed, where their energy loss through the material of interest can be used to provide the depth of the original isotope. As lithium-6 has a relatively large probability for such a capture reaction, it can be used by battery scientists to study the lithium concentration in the electrodes even during battery operation. The selective measurement of the 6 Li isotope makes it a direct and sensitive technique, whereas the penetrative character of the neutrons allows practical battery pouch cells to be studied. Using NDP lithium diffusion and reaction rates can be studied operando as a function of depth, opening a large range of opportunities including the study of alloying reactions, metal plating, and (de) intercalation in insertion hosts. In the study of high rate cycling of intercalation materials the relatively low Li density challenges counting statistics while the limited change in electrode density due to the Li-ion insertion and extraction allows straightforward determination of the Li density as a function of electrode depth. If an electrode can be (dis)charged reversibly, data can be acquired and accumulated over multiple cycles to increase the time resolution. For Li metal plating and alloying reactions, the large lithium density allows good time resolution, however the large change of the electrode composition and density makes extracting the Li-density as a function of depth more challenging. Here an effective method is presented, using calibration measurements of the individual components, based on which the ratio of the components as a function of depth can be determined as well as the total Li-density. The same principles can be applied to insertion host materials, where the differences in density due to electrolyte infiltration yield the electrode porosity as a function of depth. This is of particular importance for battery electrodes where porosity has a direct influence on the energy density and charge transport.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando Neutron Depth Profiling to Determine the Spatial Distribution of Li in Li-ion Batteries

Verhallen

Wagemaker

2018

Front. Energy Res.

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“…Additive-free LTO anodes have also shown enhanced performance, which has been ascribed to an increase in electrical conductivity of lithiated Li4+xTi5O12 phases formed as a result of discharge [124]. Porous [125][126][127][128] and hollow sphere [129,130] morphologies of LTO have displayed also superior performance as a result of their unique nanostructured form. Mesoporous thin-film electrodes have displayed electrical conductivity close to that of bulk LTO, resulting in appreciable performance [125].…”

Section: Li4ti5o12 (Lto)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

et al. 2013

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Access to the full text of the published version may require a subscription. Rights © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin ABSTRACTThe performance of the lithium-ion cell is heavily dependent on the ability of the host electrodes to accommodate and release Li + ions from the local structure. While the choice of electrode materials may define parameters such as cell potential and capacity, the process of intercalation may be physically limited by the rate of solid-state Li + diffusion. Increased diffusion rates in lithium-ion electrodes may be achieved through a reduction in the diffusion path, accomplished by a scaling of the respective electrode dimensions.In addition, some electrodes may undergo large volume changes associated with charging and discharging, the strain of which, may be better accommodated through nanostructuring. Failure of the host to accommodate such volume changes may lead to pulverisation of the local structure and a rapid loss of capacity. In this review article, we seek to highlight a number of significant gains in the development of nanostructured lithium-ion battery architectures (both anode and cathode), as drivers of potential next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.

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“…The surface area of the hollow micro-particles is usually much larger than that of solid materials, leading to a much better contact and infiltration between the electrode and electrolyte [27]. Therefore, lithium diffusion between the electrode and electrolyte would be much easier, and the interfacial impedance and rate capability are thus expected to be improved [28,29]. Furthermore, thanks to the hollow structures, the electrode materials are more tolerant to the stresses and strains induced by repeated insertion and extraction of lithium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow and hierarchical Na2Li2Ti6O14 microspheres with high electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion battery

Fan

Zhong

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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Relying on a solvent thermal method, spherical Na2Li2Ti6O14 was synthesized. All samples prepared by this method are hollow and hierarchical structures with the size of about 2-3 μm, which are assembled by many primary nanoparticles (~300 nm). Particle morphology analysis shows that with the increase of temperature, the porosity increases and the hollow structure becomes more obvious. Na2Li2Ti6O14 obtained at 800°C exhibits the best electrochemical performance among all samples. Charge-discharge results show that Na2Li2Ti6O14 prepared at 800°C can delivers a reversible capacity of 220.1, 181.7, 161.6, 144.2, 118.1 and 97.2 mA h g −1 at 50, 140, 280, 560, 1400, 2800 mA g −1 . However, Na2Li2Ti6O14-bulk only delivers a reversible capacity of 187, 125.3, 108.3, 88.7, 69.2 and 54.8 mA h g −1 at the same current densities. The high electrochemical performances of the as-prepared materials can be attributed to the distinctive hollow and hierarchical spheres, which could effectively reduce the diffusion distance of Li ions, increase the contact area between electrodes and electrolyte, and buffer the volume changes during Li ion intercalation/deintercalation processes.

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Li4Ti5O12 hollow microspheres assembled by nanosheets as an anode material for high-rate lithium ion batteries

Cited by 160 publications

References 24 publications

Operando Neutron Depth Profiling to Determine the Spatial Distribution of Li in Li-ion Batteries

Operando Neutron Depth Profiling to Determine the Spatial Distribution of Li in Li-ion Batteries

Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes

Hollow and hierarchical Na2Li2Ti6O14 microspheres with high electrochemical performance as anode material for lithium-ion battery

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