Lichen Myxedematosus: Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Lichen myxedematosus (LM) is an idiopathic cutaneous mucinosis, commonly described as localized scleromyxedema. In contrast to scleromyxedema, there is typically no systemic involvement. Treatment options are limited and spontaneous resolution has been reported.We present the case of a 66-year-old Hispanic male referred by his primary care physician for evaluation of asymptomatic dark spots on his trunk and extremities present for about one-year. Physical exam revealed smooth, brown hyperpigmented papules coalescing into plaques on the trunk. Multiple well-demarcated oval dark brown plaques measuring 3 cm in size were located on the upper back, periumbilical area, bilateral lower extremities, and buttocks. A diagnosis of lichen myxedematosus was made based on histologic features observed in the dermis.There are 5 subtypes of LM: a discrete papular form, acral persistent papular mucinosis, self-healing papular mucinosis, papular mucinosis of infancy, and a pure nodular form. Occasional patients with LM have atypical features or features intermediate between scleromyxedema and localized LM. We present a case of atypical LM with mixed features of the different subtypes. Herein we will review the varied clinical presentations of LM and highlight the distinguishing features of scleromyxedema.

Atypical Lichen Myxedematosus Associated with Multiple Myeloma

“…LM is a rare cutaneous mucinosis, predominantly in men, and characterized by slightly translucent euchromatic papules, nodules, or plaques, with a lichenoid appearance due to mucin deposition and varying degrees of fibrosis, in the absence of thyroid disease [1,2] . The cause of the deposition remains unclear, but various pathophysiological mechanisms such as paraproteinemia and viral infections (HIV and HCV) have been proposed [3] .…”

“…Lichen myxedema (LM) is a chronic mucinosis of idiopathic origin, and its incidence is unknown [1] . It can be classified into generalized, localized, and atypical LM, with the latter being very rare.…”