Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the oral cavity

Brown, Alan R.; Dunlap, Charles L.; Bussard, David A.; Lask, John T

doi:10.1016/s1079-2104(97)90064-0

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Only 6 % of LS are isolated extragenital lesions [1]. Oral LS has rarely been described [2–4]. The exact prevalence of LS is difficult to ascertain and probably underestimated, since patients with LS may present to various clinical specialities, physicians do not always recognize LS, and patients may not report symptoms because of embarrassment or because they are asymptomatic [5].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus

2012

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Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory, mucocutaneous disorder of genital and extragenital skin. LS is a debilitating disease, causing itch, pain, dysuria and restriction of micturition, dyspareunia, and significant sexual dysfunction in women and men. Many findings obtained in recent years point more and more towards an autoimmune-induced disease in genetically predisposed patients and further away from an important impact of hormonal factors. Preceding infections may play a provocative part. The role for Borrelia is still controversial. Trauma and an occlusive moist environment may act as precipitating factors. Potent and ultrapotent topical corticosteroids still head the therapeutic armamentarium. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are discussed as alternatives in the treatment of LS in patients who have failed therapy with ultrapotent corticosteroids, or who have a contraindication for the use of corticosteroids. Topical and systemic retinoids may be useful in selected cases. Phototherapy for extragenital LS and photodynamic therapy for genital LS may be therapeutic options in rare cases refractory to the already mentioned treatment. Surgery is restricted to scarring processes leading to functional impairment. In men, circumcision is effective in the majority of cases, but recurrences are well described. Anogenital LS is associated with an increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva or penis. This review updates the epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathology, pathogenesis, and management of LS of the female and male genitals and extragenital LS in adults and children.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus

2012

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“…Extragenital lesions are encountered in only 15–20% of patients. Involvement of the oral mucosa in LS is extremely uncommon and has been reported primarily in nondermatologic literature 2–10 . A literature review reveals only 12 patients reported to have oral LS with histopathologic documentation 2–10 .…”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He found only six previously reported cases of possible oral LS but in none of these was the diagnosis confirmed histologically 2 . A comprehensive literature review reveals only 12 histologically documented cases of oral LS 2–10 . Seven out of these had isolated oral involvement while the rest had concurrent lesions over genitalia and skin 3,5,8–10 …”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinically, oral LS can involve buccal and gingival mucosae, hard and soft palate, tonsillar pillars, lips and their vermillion borders. The lesions manifest as white macules, plaques, reticular striations, and superficial ulceration 9,10 . The lesions are mostly asymptomatic; however, involvement of the gingival margin may result in soreness and pain on brushing 10 .…”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linear oro-facial lichen sclerosus

Kaur¹,

Thami²,

Kanwar³

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology

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Lichen sclerosus is a depigmenting mucocutaneous disorder that most frequently affects the female genitalia. Lichen sclerosus affecting the oral mucosa is extremely rare. Oral lesions are asymptomatic but cosmetically unacceptable. We report here a case of lichen sclerosus presenting with a linear lesion over the nose that extended to involve the philtrum and the upper lip with intraoral extension up to the gingiva. Treatment with a short course of oral and intralesional corticosteroids resulted in partial resolution of the lesions.

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“…In women, the topical use of testosterone to treat vulvar dystrophies dates back more than 50 years 7 . It has been used for oral and vulvar lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA), 8,9 atrichia pubis 10 and reduction of fat accumulation in postmenopausal women 11 . Topical testosterone is usually well tolerated, 9 although some studies have demonstrated its potential virilization 12,13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hirsutism secondary to topical testosterone: report of two cases and review of the literature

Hernández‐Núñez

Daudén

García‐F‐Villalta

et al. 2004

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Topical testosterone has been used as a treatment for different vulvar conditions. It is usually well tolerated, although hirsutism and other signs of virilization have been described related to hormonal tests alteration. We report two female patients with vulvar diseases that developed hirsutism after treatment with topical testosterone. Because of its potential virilization, females under this treatment should be closely monitored.

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Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the oral cavity

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus

Linear oro-facial lichen sclerosus

Hirsutism secondary to topical testosterone: report of two cases and review of the literature

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