Abstract:Lichens are most appropriately viewed as self‐supporting ecosystems formed by the interaction of a fungus, one or more photosynthetic partners, and an indeterminate number of other microscopic organisms – with the fungal partner providing the overall physical structure and scientific name used to refer to them. They were the first associations to which the term symbiosis was applied and are mutualisms as all partners benefit by enabling new habitats to be colonised. Their different morphologies, structures and… Show more
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