Lidar Measurement of Boundary Layer Evolution to Determine Sensible Heat Fluxes

Eichinger, W. E.; Holder, H.; Cooper, D. I.; Hipps, L. E.; Knight, R.J.; Kustas, William P.; Nichols, Julie; Prueger, John H.

doi:10.1175/jhm461.1

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…They capture the spatio-temporal distribution and mechanical mixing of particles suspended in the air (Eichinger et al, 2010a, b;Kao et al, 2002;Holmen et al, 1998) as well as mark the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height (Cooper et al, 2010;Davis et al, 2000;Eichinger et al, 2005;Cooper and Eichinger, 1994).…”

Section: Significance Of Lidar Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical distribution of aerosols in the vicinity of Mexico City during MILAGRO-2006 Campaign

et al. 2010

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Abstract. On 7 March 2006, a mobile, ground-based, vertical pointing, elastic lidar system made a North-South transect through the Mexico City basin. Column averaged, aerosol size distribution (ASD) measurements were made on the ground concurrently with the lidar measurements. The ASD ground measurements allowed calculation of the column averaged mass extinction efficiency (MEE) for the lidar system (1064 nm). The value of column averaged MEE was combined with spatially resolved lidar extinction coefficients to produce total aerosol mass concentration estimates with the resolution of the lidar (1.5 m vertical spatial and 1 s temporal). Airborne ASD measurements from DOE G-1 aircraft made later in the day on 7 March 2006, allowed the evaluation of the assumptions of constant ASD with height and time used for estimating the column averaged MEE.The results showed that the aerosol loading within the basin is about twice what is observed outside of the basin. The total aerosol base concentrations observed in the basin are of the order of 200 µg/m 3 and the base levels outside are of the order of 100 µg/m 3 . The local heavy traffic events can introduce aerosol levels near the ground as high as 900 µg/m 3 .The article presents the methodology for estimating aerosol mass concentration from mobile, ground-based lidar measurements in combination with aerosol size distribution measurements. An uncertainty analysis of the methodology is also presented.

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Section: Significance Of Lidar Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical distribution of aerosols in the vicinity of Mexico City during MILAGRO-2006 Campaign

et al. 2010

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“…In this study, via use of linear interpolation, these flux estimates were resampled to 50‐m resolution to represent the specified lower boundary conditions as well as the database for generating different realizations for the LES experiments. For more details on SMACEX see Kustas et al [2005], Eichinger et al [2005], Meek et al [2005], and Crow et al [2005].…”

Section: Les Model and Smacex Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

On the impact of surface heterogeneity on a realistic convective boundary layer

Huang

Margulis

2009

Water Resources Research

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[1] Turbulent interactions of momentum and scalars within the convective boundary layer (CBL) over a heterogeneous surface can have a strong influence on both local flow properties and regional weather and climate. Using realistic heterogeneous surface flux data as well as mean vertical soundings obtained from the Soil-Moisture Atmosphere Coupling Experiment 2002 (SMACEX) as boundary and initial conditions in a large-eddy simulation (LES) model, this research attempts to further our understanding of the impact of surface heterogeneity on a growing CBL in a realistic environment. On the basis of a newly proposed method, a set of realizations precisely replicating the basic statistics (mean and variance) and cross correlation of surface flux boundary conditions (relative to the actual fields at the SMACEX) are used for a series of LES experiments. The impacts of heterogeneity on two aspects of the CBL are discussed in this study: (1) the characteristic vertical profiles of CBL properties and (2) the vertical mixing scales of the CBL. Within the set of conditions examined in this study, the potential temperature is more sensitive to the surface heterogeneity scale than to specific humidity, and the variation of velocity (both horizontal and vertical) clearly reflects the impact of surface organization. The vertical profile of the coefficient of variation calculated from the potential temperature field is introduced to identify the thermal blending height, and a good agreement is obtained compared to the predicted values using formulations from the literature. A commonly used formulation for the momentum blending height was found to inadequately represent the vertical mixing. Another stability-dependent formulation combining both shear and convective characteristics is shown to provide more reasonable results.

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“…Large-area fluxes were measured by aircraft operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, with measurements taken at an altitude of approximately 40 m over six tracks ranging in length from 5.7 to 12.2 km. For further information about this experiment, see Kustas et al (2005), Eichinger et al (2005), and Prueger et al (2005).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Dynamic Subgrid-scale Models for Large-eddy Simulation of the Daytime Convective Boundary Layer over Heterogeneous Surfaces

Huang

Stevens

Margulis

2007

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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The sensitivity of large-eddy simulation (LES) to the representation of subgrid-scale (SGS) processes is explored for the case of the convective boundary layer (CBL) developing over surfaces with varying degrees of spatial heterogeneity. Three representations of SGS processes are explored: the traditional constant Smagorinsky-Lilly model and two other dynamic models with Lagrangian averaging approaches to calculate the Smagorinsky coefficient (C S ) and SGS Prandtl number (Pr). With initial data based roughly on the observed meteorology, simulations of daytime CBL growth are performed over surfaces with characteristics (i.e. fluxes and roughness) ranging from homogeneous, to striped heterogeneity, to a realistic representation of heterogeneity as derived from a recent field study. In both idealized tests and the realistic case, SGS sensitivities are mostly manifest near the surface and entrainment zone. However, unlike simulations over complex domains or under neutral or stable conditions, these differences for the CBL simulation, where large eddies dominate, are not significant enough to distinguish the performance of the different SGS models, irrespective of surface heterogeneity.

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Lidar Measurement of Boundary Layer Evolution to Determine Sensible Heat Fluxes

Cited by 16 publications

References 63 publications

Vertical distribution of aerosols in the vicinity of Mexico City during MILAGRO-2006 Campaign

Vertical distribution of aerosols in the vicinity of Mexico City during MILAGRO-2006 Campaign

On the impact of surface heterogeneity on a realistic convective boundary layer

Application of Dynamic Subgrid-scale Models for Large-eddy Simulation of the Daytime Convective Boundary Layer over Heterogeneous Surfaces

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