Lies, damn lies and response surface methodology

Dijkstra, Albert J.

doi:10.1002/ejlt.201000422

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, there are certain concerns and limitations of such an approach. 32 An advanced optimization experiment, particularly if conducted on a larger scale, may utilize a sophisticated model to accurately determine the best parameters under the conditions that may be different from laboratory experimental settings. The application of the optimal reaction conditions identified on a small scale (1 mmol reactants) did not produce the expected result for large-scale synthesis.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal reaction condition may be different if a multifactor response surface experimental design is used to generate a prediction model. However, there are certain concerns and limitations of such an approach . An advanced optimization experiment, particularly if conducted on a larger scale, may utilize a sophisticated model to accurately determine the best parameters under the conditions that may be different from laboratory experimental settings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Oleoylethanolamide Using Lipase

Wang

2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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An effective process for the enzymatic synthesis of oleoylethanolamide is described in this study. The process included purification of a commercial oleic acid product and then optimization of the reaction between the purified oleic acid and ethanolamine in the presence of hexane and a lipase. Under the optimal amidation reaction conditions identified, oleoylethanolamide was obtained with 96.6% purity. The synthesis was also conducted on a large scale (50 mmol of each of the reactants), and oleoylethanolamide purity and yield after crystallization purification were 96.1 and 73.5%, respectively. Compared to the previous studies, the current method of preparing high-purity oleoylethanolamide is more effective and economically feasible. The scalability and ease for such synthesis make it possible to study the biological and nutritional functions of the cannabinoid-like oleoylethanolamide in animal or human subjects. ABSTRACT: An effective process for the enzymatic synthesis of oleoylethanolamide is described in this study. The process included purification of a commercial oleic acid product and then optimization of the reaction between the purified oleic acid and ethanolamine in the presence of hexane and a lipase. Under the optimal amidation reaction conditions identified, oleoylethanolamide was obtained with 96.6% purity. The synthesis was also conducted on a large scale (50 mmol of each of the reactants), and oleoylethanolamide purity and yield after crystallization purification were 96.1 and 73.5%, respectively. Compared to the previous studies, the current method of preparing high-purity oleoylethanolamide is more effective and economically feasible. The scalability and ease for such synthesis make it possible to study the biological and nutritional functions of the cannabinoid-like oleoylethanolamide in animal or human subjects.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Oleoylethanolamide Using Lipase

Wang

2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…We knew that there might be interactions among these factors or variables, and a multi-factor response surface type of experimental design might be used to generate some mathematical equations or prediction models. However, a recently published paper [32] discouraged us from doing so. This work gave basic reaction information for possible future modeling and optimization trials on a large scale.…”

Section: Optimization Of Reaction Conditions For the Synthesis Of N-smentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Method for Synthesis of N‐stearoyl and N‐palmitoylethanolamine

Wang

2012

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Certain N-acylethanolamines interact with cannabinoid receptors and have anorexic and neuroprotective effects. Traditional methods for the synthesis of N-acylethanolamines use fatty acid chlorides, fatty acid methyl esters, free fatty acids and triacylglycerols as acyl donors to react with ethanolamine. In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of using fatty acid vinyl esters as the acyl donor to synthesize N-stearoyl and N-palmitoylethanolamine. Theoretically, the use of fatty acid vinyl esters should lead to an irreversible reaction because the volatile acetaldehyde by-product is easily removed. Four reaction conditions, i.e. catalyst concentration, substrate ratio, temperature, and time were evaluated. The reaction performed at mild temperatures and with an excess amount of ethanolamine which acted as both reactant and solvent resulted in the formation of high purity N-stearoyl and N-palmitoylethanolamine. When 20 mmol ethanolamine was reacted with 1 mmol vinyl stearate at 80°C for 1 h with 1% sodium methoxide as catalyst, N-stearoylethanolamine with 96% purity was obtained after the removal of excess ethanolamine without further purification, while N-palmitoylethanolamine with 98% purity was obtained by reacting with the same substrate ratio at 60°C for 1.5 h with 3% catalyst. Complete conversion of vinyl stearate and palmitate was achieved.

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“…We could ask the reviewers whether or not they think that the results that are reported in the manuscript will be used. This will hopefully deliver us from quite a few articles using Response Surface Methodology [13]. We could ask them whether or not the manuscript has made use of the latest state of the art.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Persistence of Exploded Myths

Dijkstra¹

2016

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Lies, damn lies and response surface methodology

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Synthesis of Oleoylethanolamide Using Lipase

Synthesis of Oleoylethanolamide Using Lipase

An Improved Method for Synthesis of N‐stearoyl and N‐palmitoylethanolamine

The Persistence of Exploded Myths

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