Life after endosulfan, the Australian macadamia experience

Maddox, C. D. A.; Huwer, R. K.; Purdue, I. M.; Robertson, David; Bright, J.; Dawes, M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1109.41

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Since the removal of the broad-spectrum insecticide endosulfan in 2012, 58 the make-up of key pests has changed. In particular, K. macadamiae and two macadamia lace bug species (C. decoris and P. howardi) have become major pests where they were previously considered minor.…”

Section: Other Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28,57 The macadamia lace bug has become a major pest more recently, coincidentally since the removal of endosulfan in 2012. 58 Their lifecycle is poorly understood, but they breed rapidly during flowering and cause economic losses of up to 100% in northern New South Wales (NNSW) and south-eastern Queensland, an area representing ∼40% of the Australian macadamia crop. 7 Control of macadamia lace bug relies on chemical control because no biological or cultural control methods have been developed.…”

Section: Macadamia Lace Bugmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nut bush pesticide limits: urgent need for a comprehensive strategy to address current and emerging insect pests and insecticide options in the Australian macadamia industry

Ellis,

Anderson,

Yonow

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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In Australia, macadamia orchards are attacked by four main insect pest groups. Management and control of three of these key pests currently relies on broad‐spectrum insecticides whose long‐term future is questionable. Of the 23 insecticides registered for use in macadamia in Australia, 19 face issues affecting their availability, and 12 are presently not approved in the EU, US or Canada. Those international markets may refuse produce that doesn't adhere to their own insecticide use standards, hence Australian produce may be excluded from market access. Many of the potential replacement IPM methods of pest control are generally considered less effective by the industry and have not been adopted. There are 17 insect pest groups identified by the industry, any of which have potential to become major problems if broad‐spectrum insecticide options become unavailable. Thirteen pest groups need urgent attention as they are at risk of losing current effective control methods, and no replacement solutions have yet been developed. The lag period for R&D to develop new chemical and biological control solutions means there is now an urgent need for the macadamia industry to craft a strategy for sustainable pest management for each pest. Critically, this industry strategy needs to address the vulnerabilities identified in this paper, identify potential solutions for any cases of market failure and consider funding mechanisms to address these gaps. On economic and sustainability grounds, potential biological control options should be explored, especially in cases where insecticide control options are vulnerable.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Other Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%