Life and death of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: physiological changes during chronological aging

Machado, Maria Manuela Dias; Soares, Eduardo V.

doi:10.1007/s00253-022-12267-5

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…When cultivated in a batch mode, in OECD medium, R. subcapitata cell population increases exponentially during about 3 days after inoculation, with a generation (doubling) time of ~ 10.4 h (Machado and Soares 2022 ); a similar value (9.8–11.1 h) is reported by OECD (OECD 2011 ). At this stage, the cell population is homogeneous, composed of healthy “young” cells, which divide at the maximum rate and are characterized by having the maximum content of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic activity, storing starch as a reserve material and presenting, predominantly, a lunate morphology.…”

Section: Chronological Aging (Conditional Senescence)supporting

confidence: 59%

“…1 ; A2 and A3), while the cells in the death phase (“aged” cells) predominantly displayed a helically twisted shape (Fig. 1 ; A4 and A5) (Machado and Soares 2022 ). Krienitz et al ( 2011 ) also reported that older cells exhibited a helically twisted shape.…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R. subcapitata accumulates reserve material, namely starch and neutral lipids. A recent work showed that young cells (in the exponential phase of growth) produce starch as a reserve material, while aged cells (in the stationary phase) presented lower starch accumulation and a higher level of neutral lipid globules (Machado and Soares 2022 ). Starch grains are positioned close to the border of the pyrenoid matrix (Krienitz et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Cell Ultra-structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the exponential growth phase, the R. subcapitata population is composed mainly (~ 90%) of cells containing one (1) nucleus. The percentage of this type of cell increases over time; in the stationary phase, the population is almost entirely composed (≥ 99%) of cells containing one (1) nucleus (Machado and Soares 2022 ).…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incubation of algae for more seven (7) days, under these conditions, leads to their (chronological) aging. The “old” cells of R. subcapitata are characterized by a fading of their green color, reduction in the content of photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic activity, chloroplast shrinkage, and accumulation of lipids, as reserve compounds (Machado and Soares 2022 ). Some of the modifications associated with chronological aging, namely alterations in the photosynthetic apparatus, reduction of chlorophyll content, and accumulation of lipids, were also observed in different algae, particularly in the genus Chlamydomonas (Damoo and Durnford 2021 ; Sato and Toyoshima 2021 ; Zamzam et al 2022 ), and also in Spongiochloris typica (McLean 1968 ), Phaeodactylum tricornutum , and Chaetoceros muelleri (Liang et al 2006 ).…”

Section: Chronological Aging (Conditional Senescence)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Features of the microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata: physiology and applications

Machado,

Soares

2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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The microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata was isolated from the Nitelva River (Norway) and subsequently deposited in the collection of the Norwegian Institute of Water Research as “Selenastrum capricornutum Printz”. This freshwater microalga, also known as Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, acquired much of its notoriety due to its high sensitivity to different chemical species, which makes it recommended by different international organizations for the assessment of ecotoxicity. However, outside this scope, R. subcapitata continues to be little explored. This review aims to shed light on a microalga that, despite its popularity, continues to be an “illustrious” unknown in many ways. Therefore, R. subcapitata taxonomy, phylogeny, shape, size/biovolume, cell ultra-structure, and reproduction are reviewed. The nutritional and cultural conditions, chronological aging, and maintenance and preservation of the alga are summarized and critically discussed. Applications of R. subcapitata, such as its use in aquatic toxicology (ecotoxicity assessment and elucidation of adverse toxic outcome pathways) are presented. Furthermore, the latest advances in the use of this alga in biotechnology, namely in the bioremediation of effluents and the production of value-added biomolecules and biofuels, are highlighted. To end, a perspective regarding the future exploitation of R. subcapitata potentialities, in a modern concept of biorefinery, is outlined. Graphical Abstract Key points • An overview of alga phylogeny and physiology is critically reviewed. • Advances in alga nutrition, cultural conditions, and chronological aging are presented. • Its use in aquatic toxicology and biotechnology is highlighted.

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Section: Chronological Aging (Conditional Senescence)supporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cell Ultra-structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronological Aging (Conditional Senescence)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Features of the microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata: physiology and applications

Machado,

Soares

2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Cultivation modes affect the morphology, biochemical composition, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the green microalga Neochloris oleoabundans

Baldisserotto,

Gessi,

Ferraretto

et al. 2024

Protoplasma

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Microalgae are considered promising sustainable sources of natural bioactive compounds to be used in biotechnological sectors. In recent years, attention is increasingly given to the search of microalgae-derived compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for nutraceutical or pharmacological issues. In this context, attention is usually focused on the composition and bioactivity of algae or their extracts, while less interest is driven to their biological features, for example, those related to morphology and cultivation conditions. In addition, specific studies on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of microalgae mainly concern Chlorella or Spirulina. The present work was focused on the characterization of the Chlorophyta Neochloris oleoabundans under two combinations of cultivation modes: autotrophy and glucose-induced mixotrophy, each followed by starvation. Biomass for morphological and biochemical characterization, as well as for extract preparation, was harvested at the end of each cultivation phase. Analyses indicated a different content of the most important classes of bioactive compounds with antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties (lipids, exo-polysaccharides, pigments, total phenolics, and proteins). In particular, the most promising condition able to prompt the production of antioxidant algal biomass with anti-inflammatory properties was the mixotrophic one. Under mixotrophy, beside an elevated algal biomass production, a strong photosynthetic metabolism with high appression of thylakoid membranes and characteristics of high photo-protection from oxidative damage was observed and linked to the overproduction of exo-polysaccharides and lipids rather than pigments. Overall, mixotrophy appears a good choice to produce natural bioactive extracts, potentially well tolerated by human metabolism and environmentally sustainable.

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Palmelloid-like phenotype in the alga Raphidocelis subcapitata exposed to pollutants: A generalized adaptive strategy to stress or a specific cellular response?

Machado,

Soares

2023

Aquatic Toxicology

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Life and death of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: physiological changes during chronological aging

Cited by 6 publications

References 64 publications

Features of the microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata: physiology and applications

Features of the microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata: physiology and applications

Cultivation modes affect the morphology, biochemical composition, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the green microalga Neochloris oleoabundans

Palmelloid-like phenotype in the alga Raphidocelis subcapitata exposed to pollutants: A generalized adaptive strategy to stress or a specific cellular response?

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