Life at low temperatures: A novel breeding‐system adjustment in a polar cladoceran

Rowe, Chad L.; Adamowicz, Sarah J.

doi:10.4319/lo.2007.52.6.2507

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Therefore, a northern refugium was very important for survival of diversity in the complex. The Beringian refugium has been proposed for many other species of cladocerans [79, 114] and other freshwater and terrestrial animals [82, 115–116]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography of the Chydorus sphaericus Group (Cladocera: Chydoridae) in the Northern Palearctic

et al. 2016

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The biodiversity and the biogeography are still poorly understood for freshwater invertebrates. The crustacean Chydorus sphaericus-brevilabris complex (Cladocera: Chydoridae) is composed of species that are important components of Holarctic freshwater food webs. Recent morphological and genetic study of the complex has indicated a substantial species diversity in the northern hemisphere. However, we know little of the geographic boundaries of these novel lineages. Moreover, a large section of the Palearctic remains unexamined at the genetic level. Here we attempt to address the biodiversity knowledge gap for the Chydorus sphaericus group in the central Palearctic and assess its diversity and biogeographic boundaries. We sequenced nuclear (ITS-2) and mitochondrial (COI) gene regions of Chydorus specimens across the Palearctic and compared them with already available Holarctic sequences. We detected six main clades in the C. sphaericus group in the Palearctic, of which two of the groups are novel. Three of the more divergent clades are geographically widespread. The central portion of Eurasia (the Yenisey River basin) appears to be a narrow zone of secondary contact for phylogroups that expanded from European and Beringian refugia. As such, the previously unsampled central Palearctic represents an important region for understanding the evolutionary consequences of Pleistocene climatic oscillations on the Chydorus sphaericus group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography of the Chydorus sphaericus Group (Cladocera: Chydoridae) in the Northern Palearctic

et al. 2016

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“…the Daphnia pulex complex) lose their ability to reproduce sexually at northern latitudes, becoming completely asexual either through obligate apomictic parthenogenesis (Dufresne & Hebert, ) or self‐fertilization (Hebert et al ., ). Evidence shows that many cladoceran populations found in the Canadian High Arctic have switched to an asexual breeding system, while southern populations from the same species still reproduce through cyclic parthenogenesis (Hebert et al ., ). Therefore, cladoceran diversity towards northern latitudes may be limited due to the inability of most species to transition their mating system towards obligate asexuality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, some cladoceran species (e.g. the Daphnia pulex complex) lose their ability to reproduce sexually at northern latitudes, becoming completely asexual either through obligate apomictic parthenogenesis (Dufresne & Hebert, 1997) or self-fertilization (Hebert et al, 2007). Evidence shows that many cladoceran populations found in the Canadian High Arctic have switched to an asexual breeding system, while southern populations from the same species still reproduce through cyclic parthenogenesis (Hebert et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, history and life‐history strategies interact in explaining differential macroecological patterns in freshwater zooplankton

Henriques‐Silva

Pinel‐Alloul

Peres‐Neto

2016

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim We investigated how freshwater microcrustaceans with different susceptibilities to Allee effects differ in the distribution of their geographical range size (GRS) and diversity along latitudinal gradients, evaluating the importance of climatic and historical factors in explaining these differences. We hypothesized that sexual copepods would have a smaller GRS and that their distribution would be linked to historical processes due to mate‐finding Allee effects during colonization. Given that cyclic parthenogenetic cladocerans avoid these Allee effects, we predicted that they would exhibit a larger GRS and their distribution would be related to climatic factors rather than dispersal limitation. Location Canadian watersheds, North America. Methods We used a database containing the presence–absence of freshwater zooplankton across 1665 Canadian lakes along a latitudinal gradient of 40°. We computed GRS using minimum convex polygons encompassing all lakes in which each species was present. We pooled the diversity of lakes within watersheds, and computed linear regressions models between watershed diversity and average GRS with the average latitude, distance from a glacial refugium and environmental variables of the watershed. All analyses were performed separately for cladocerans and copepods. Results Cladocerans exhibited, on average, a GRS 70% larger than that of copepods. We found a strong relationship between diversity (negative) and average GRS (positive) with latitude for cladocerans but not for copepods. Cladoceran macroecological patterns were mainly explained by climatic factors, whereas the lack of latitudinal gradients in copepods was potentially due to the influence of a northern glacial refuge and dispersal limitation. Main conclusions Our results show that Allee effects are strongly and negatively associated with GRS, influencing the relative importance of environmental filtering and dispersal limitation on species diversity patterns. We suggest that studies should avoid lumping species with large differences in their susceptibility to Allee effects in order to better disentangle the multiple processes affecting large‐scale patterns.

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“…Phylogeographic and network analyses allow us to pinpoint potential glacial refugia for North American and European Polyphemus . The NA1 phylogroup exclusively distributed in Yukon‐Mackenzie appears to have derived from Beringian, an important glacial refugium for cladocerans including D. rosea s.l., D. galeata s.l., Holopedium gibberum (Hebert et al. 2007) and the D. pulex complex (Weider & Hobaek 2003) that remained ice‐free during the last glacial maximum (Pielou 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The noncosmopolitanism paradigm of freshwater zooplankton: insights from the global phylogeography of the predatory cladoceran Polyphemus pediculus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Crustacea, Onychopoda)

Hebert

Kotov

et al. 2009

Molecular Ecology

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A major question in our understanding of eukaryotic biodiversity is whether small bodied taxa have cosmopolitan distributions or consist of geographically localized cryptic taxa. Here, we explore the global phylogeography of the freshwater cladoceran Polyphemus pediculus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Crustacea, Onychopoda) using two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16s ribosomal RNA, and one nuclear marker, 18s ribosomal RNA. The results of neighbour-joining and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses reveal an exceptionally pronounced genetic structure at both inter- and intra-continental scales. The presence of well-supported, deeply divergent phylogroups across the Holarctic suggests that P. pediculus represents an assemblage of at least nine, largely allopatric cryptic species. Interestingly, all phylogenetic analyses support the reciprocal paraphyly of Nearctic and Palaearctic clades. Bayesian inference of ancestral distributions suggests that P. pediculus originated in North America or East Asia and that European lineages of Polyphemus were established by subsequent intercontinental dispersal events from North America. Japan and the Russian Far East harbour exceptionally high levels of genetic diversity at both regional and local scales. In contrast, little genetic subdivision is apparent across the formerly glaciated regions of Europe and North America, areas that historical demographic analyses suggest that were recolonized just 5500-24 000 years ago.

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Life at low temperatures: A novel breeding‐system adjustment in a polar cladoceran

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Phylogeography of the Chydorus sphaericus Group (Cladocera: Chydoridae) in the Northern Palearctic

Phylogeography of the Chydorus sphaericus Group (Cladocera: Chydoridae) in the Northern Palearctic

Climate, history and life‐history strategies interact in explaining differential macroecological patterns in freshwater zooplankton

The noncosmopolitanism paradigm of freshwater zooplankton: insights from the global phylogeography of the predatory cladoceran Polyphemus pediculus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Crustacea, Onychopoda)

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