Life course determinants of insulin secretion and sensitivity at age 50 years: the Newcastle thousand families study

Pearce, Mark S.; Unwin, Nigel; Parker, Louise; Alberti, K. G. M. M.

doi:10.1002/dmrr.573

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…While this would have been a potential explanation for an inverse association between duration of breastfeeding and cholesterol levels, it would not appear to be a likely explanation for the sex differences seen in this study. Previous research using this cohort has found duration of breastfeeding to be negatively associated with HOMA insulin resistance in men, but not in women [7] and to be associated with reduced seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in men, but not in women [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A large number of epidemiological studies have suggested an association between birth weight and growth in early life and the risk of adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes in later life [3], although the extent to which early life factors explain variations in risk varies between studies and leaves much heterogeneity in risk unexplained [4][5][6][7] It has also been proposed that lipid metabolism is 'programmed' by factors, such as birth weight and infant feeding, that operate very early in life. In particular, a number of studies have suggested that prolonged breastfeeding is associated with decreased levels cholesterol in adulthood [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, we also aimed to investigate sex differences in this association as lifecourse influences on adult health have previously been shown to differ by sex for this cohort [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in the association between infant feeding and blood cholesterol in later life: the Newcastle thousand families cohort study at age 49–51 years

et al. 2009

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Previous studies have suggested an association between being breastfed and later cholesterol levels. We investigated whether duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding were related to circulating total, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglyceride measures at age 50, and whether such associations differ between men and women. Members of the Newcastle thousand families study were followed from birth in 1947. Men (n = 179) and 226 women (n = 226) with blood cholesterol and triglyceride measures at age 50 and with prospectively recorded duration of both total and exclusive breastfeeding were included. Neither total duration nor duration of exclusive breastfeeding were associated with the outcome measures when analysing both sexes together. However, in sex specific analyses significant associations between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and both total and LDL cholesterol (adjusted regression coefficient (r) per 30 days = 0.12 mmol/l (95% CI 0.04-0.20) P = 0.004 for total cholesterol and adjusted r per 30 days = 0.10 mmol/l (95% CI 0.02-0.18) P = 0.016 for LDL cholesterol) were seen for women with no significant associations observed in men. Significant interactions between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and sex were seen for total and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively) with a near-significant interaction for HDL cholesterol (P = 0.06). In all cases, greater increases in cholesterol with increasing duration of exclusive breastfeeding were seen for women than for men. In conclusion, the association between breastfeeding and adult cholesterol levels differs between men and women and in women remains a significant association even after adjustment for potential confounders. However, our findings may not reflect the situation in younger generations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Sex differences in the association between infant feeding and blood cholesterol in later life: the Newcastle thousand families cohort study at age 49–51 years

et al. 2009

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“…If this is a real difference, then it may go someway towards explaining sex differences in the associations between markers of fetal growth and metabolic outcomes in later life [17, 18]. Clinical parameters such as associations with hirsutism and irregular menses might suggest that the metabolic syndrome occurs more frequently in females than males, but biochemical indices such as insulin resistance are ultimately more profound in males [17, 18]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TSH Levels in Relation to Gestation, Birth Weight and Sex

et al. 2009

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Aims: Low birth weight is associated with hypothyroidism and an adverse metabolic profile in later life. Our aim was to examine the relationship between neonatal TSH and birth weight, gestational age and sex. Methods: We compared blood spot filter paper TSH levels with birth weight, gestational age and sex in a 10% sample of infants screened for congenital hypothyroidism at a single centre in Northern England. All gestational ages were included with infants suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism excluded. Results: Data on 1,728 male and 1,662 female infants were analysed. The distribution of TSH was significantly different between males and females, with males having a higher median TSH (0.7 vs. 0.6). Correlations were shown between TSH and birth weight (ρ = –0.07, p = 0.0001) and gestational age (ρ = –0.05, p = 0.008), with the birth weight association remaining independent of gestational age. The functional form of the model suggested that higher TSH in the lowest birth weight categories was responsible for the association between TSH and birth weight. Conclusions: Low birth weight is related to neonatal TSH levels. Further research is required to assess whether this association explains the relationship between higher TSH and an adverse metabolic profile in later life.

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“…11 Complete data in infancy and on clinical measurements were available for 408, of whom 27 (19 female) had at least one episode of diarrhoea recorded in infancy. Dietary sodium intake at the age of 50 years was available for 398, including all of those with an episode of diarrhoea recorded in infancy.…”

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confidence: 99%

The relation between diarrhoeal episodes in infancy and both blood pressure and sodium intake in later life: The Newcastle Thousand Families Study

et al. 2008

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Life course determinants of insulin secretion and sensitivity at age 50 years: the Newcastle thousand families study

Abstract: Insulin secretion is largely unexplained by these data. For insulin resistance, the evidence suggests a limited impact of early life and a larger impact of adult factors.

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Sex differences in the association between infant feeding and blood cholesterol in later life: the Newcastle thousand families cohort study at age 49–51 years

Sex differences in the association between infant feeding and blood cholesterol in later life: the Newcastle thousand families cohort study at age 49–51 years

TSH Levels in Relation to Gestation, Birth Weight and Sex

The relation between diarrhoeal episodes in infancy and both blood pressure and sodium intake in later life: The Newcastle Thousand Families Study

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