Life Cycle Analysis of Strengthening Existing RC Structures with R-PE-UHPFRC

Hajiesmaeili, Amir; Pittau, Francesco; Denarié, Emmanuel; Habert, Guillaume

doi:10.3390/su11246923

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is of particular importance for the existing infrastructure in Northern countries which have been mainly built in the period 1960-1980, with a planned service life of 50 years. Innovative solutions with ultra high performance concrete allow extension of the service life of infrastructure with less than 50% the GHG emissions required for conventional rehabilitation, and a fraction of what it would cost to rebuild them 91,92 .…”

Section: Design Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts and decarbonization strategies in the cement and concrete industries

Habert

Miller

John

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Earth Environ

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729

269

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The use of concrete is under scrutiny as it appears as one of the few human activities where the transition toward a post-carbon society is not possible unless large investments in risky carbon capture and storage are made. With current urbanization, it is also a sector that is expected to continuously grow, leading to increased resource consumption and emissions. In this review, we aim to shed light on the available solutions that can be implemented in the short and long term to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Rather than waiting for disruptive technologies that could transform a very slow moving and risk-averse construction sector, this review focuses on the small improvements that every stakeholder involved along the value chain of concrete production and use can achieve. We stress how significant the combined effect of these marginal gains can be. By balancing societal needs, environmental requirements, and technical feasibility, the intention of this review is to show credible pathways for a transition to sustainable use of concrete. Key points• Cement usage is so massive, more than 4 billion tonnes per year worldwide, that large-scale replacement by other materials within the next decade is not possible.• Environmental impact of cement and concrete is low per unit of material, but the amount used makes the impact of the sector highly significant.• Reductions in CO 2 emissions are possible through successive improvement all along the cement and concrete value chain: less clinker in cement, less cement in concrete, less concrete in structures, and less replacement of structures.• By engaging all stakeholders of the construction sector, immediate savings of the order of 50% can be reached without heavy investment in new industrial infrastructure or modification of standards.• Research and development need urgently to be conducted for post-2050 construction to meet future emissions reduction targets. Alternative cement and faster carbonation of concrete should be explored.

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Section: Design Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts and decarbonization strategies in the cement and concrete industries

Habert

Miller

John

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Earth Environ

Self Cite

729

269

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show abstract

“…This represents already half the total available global budget for all human activities if the 2°C target without negative emissions is considered ( Table 1). Additional emissions are also to be expected from developed countries where a large share of the existing infrastructure heritage needs to be rehabilitated in the next decades (Hajiesmaeili et al 2019;Vogel et al 2009).…”

Section: Carbon Investments For Enabling a Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is fundamental to reconsider all infrastructure projects in the light of their embodied emission level. Low-carbon solutions should be privileged (Hajiesmaeili et al 2019;Pittau et al 2019) and a drastic reduction of the energy demand is required to minimise the need for new infrastructure (Rovers 2019).…”

Section: Carbon Investments For Enabling a Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon budgets for buildings: harmonising temporal, spatial and sectoral dimensions

Habert¹,

Röck²,

Steininger³

et al. 2020

Buildings and Cities

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Target values for creating carbon budgets for buildings are important for developing climateneutral building stocks. A lack of clarity currently exists for defining carbon budgets for buildings and what constitutes a unit of assessment-particularly the distinction between production-and consumption-based accounting. These different perspectives on the system and the function that is assessed hinder a clear and commonly agreed definition of 'carbon budgets' for building construction and operation. This paper explores the processes for establishing a carbon budget for residential and non-residential buildings. A detailed review of current approaches to budget allocation is presented. The temporal and spatial scales of evaluation are considered as well as the distribution rules for sharing the budget between parties or activities. This analysis highlights the crucial need to define the temporal scale, the roles of buildings as physical artefacts and their economic activities. A framework is proposed to accommodate these different perspectives and spatio-temporal scales towards harmonised and comparable cross-sectoral budget definitions. Policy relevance The potential to develop, implement and monitor greenhouse gas-related policies and strategies for buildings will depend on the provision of clear targets. Based on global limits, a carbon budget can establish system boundaries and scalable targets. An operational framework is presented that clarifies greenhouse gas targets for buildings in the different parts of the world that is adaptable to the context and circumstances of a particular place. A carbon budget can enable national regulators to set feasible and legally binding requirements. This will assist the many different stakeholders responsible for decisions on buildings to coordinate and incorporate their specific responsibility at one specific level or scale of activity to ensure overall compliance. Therefore, determining a task specific carbon budget requires an appropriate management of the global carbon budget to ensure that specific budgets overlap, but that the sum of them is equal to the available global budget without double-counting.

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“…Ultra-high strength (180–200 MPa compressive and 7–15 MPa tensile strength) UHPFRC with low water permeability has been applied in partial replacement of deteriorated decks and slabs of several road and railway infrastructures and buildings since 2004 [ 159 ]. The high strength and low permeability of these materials combine functions of strengthening and resistance to ingress of deleterious substances, thereby impairing deterioration processes [ 5 ].…”

Section: Durability Of Existing Frc Infrastructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fibers on Durability of Concrete: A Practical Review

2020

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This article reviews the literature related to the performance of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) in the context of the durability of concrete infrastructures. The durability of a concrete infrastructure is defined by its ability to sustain reliable levels of serviceability and structural integrity in environmental exposure which may be harsh without any major need for repair intervention throughout the design service life. Conventional concrete has relatively low tensile capacity and ductility, and thus is susceptible to cracking. Cracks are considered to be pathways for gases, liquids, and deleterious solutes entering the concrete, which lead to the early onset of deterioration processes in the concrete or reinforcing steel. Chloride aqueous solution may reach the embedded steel quickly after cracked regions are exposed to de-icing salt or spray in coastal regions, which de-passivates the protective film, whereby corrosion initiation occurs decades earlier than when chlorides would have to gradually ingress uncracked concrete covering the steel in the absence of cracks. Appropriate inclusion of steel or non-metallic fibers has been proven to increase both the tensile capacity and ductility of FRC. Many researchers have investigated durability enhancement by use of FRC. This paper reviews substantial evidence that the improved tensile characteristics of FRC used to construct infrastructure, improve its durability through mainly the fiber bridging and control of cracks. The evidence is based on both reported laboratory investigations under controlled conditions and the monitored performance of actual infrastructure constructed of FRC. The paper aims to help design engineers towards considering the use of FRC in real-life concrete infrastructures appropriately and more confidently.

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Life Cycle Analysis of Strengthening Existing RC Structures with R-PE-UHPFRC

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Environmental impacts and decarbonization strategies in the cement and concrete industries

Environmental impacts and decarbonization strategies in the cement and concrete industries

Carbon budgets for buildings: harmonising temporal, spatial and sectoral dimensions

Effect of Fibers on Durability of Concrete: A Practical Review

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