Life Cycle Assessment of Bioethanol Production: A Review of Feedstock, Technology and Methodology

Angili, Tahereh Soleymani; Grzesik, Katarzyna; Rödl, Anne; Kaltschmitt, Martin

doi:10.3390/en14102939

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The updated pretreatment procedures result in environmental savings. Nevertheless, advanced pretreatment methods and input and output optimization in bioethanol production can help reduce environmental impacts caused by increasing acidification, eutrophication, and photochemical oxidant on our planet [163].…”

Section: Separation Of Bioethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Lignocellulose for Bioethanol Production, Applied in Bio-Polyethylene Terephthalate

et al. 2021

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The increasing demand for petroleum-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) grows population impacts daily. A greener and more sustainable raw material, lignocellulose, is a promising replacement of petroleum-based raw materials to convert into bio-PET. This paper reviews the recent development of lignocellulose conversion into bio-PET through bioethanol reaction pathways. This review addresses lignocellulose properties, bioethanol production processes, separation processes of bioethanol, and the production of bio–terephthalic acid and bio–polyethylene terephthalate. The article also discusses the current industries that manufacture alcohol-based raw materials for bio-PET or bio-PET products. In the future, the production of bio-PET from biomass will increase due to the scarcity of petroleum-based raw materials.

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Section: Separation Of Bioethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Lignocellulose for Bioethanol Production, Applied in Bio-Polyethylene Terephthalate

et al. 2021

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“…Previous studies showed that, at this current value, higher efficiencies were observed [30]. The number of fuel cells (N) was calculated according to Equation (11), where F is the faraday constant (sA mol −1 ), N H2 is the molar H 2 flow rate (mol s −1 ), and λ H2 is the stoichiometric ratio. N is an important parameter since it determines the overall cost of the fuel cell.…”

Section: Matlab High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (Ht-pemfc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection of the purification technology depends on the features of the raw bioethanol, which is produced from a wide spectrum of biomass such as corn grain, sugar beet, sugarcane juice, molasses, sugarcane press-mud, wheat straw, wood hydrolysates, cassava, and more [4,11,12]. Fermentation of those biomass results in a raw bioethanol with different ethanol profiles that, consequently, will influence H 2 production by ESR and, subsequently, the power production in a HT-PEMFC [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Potential for Producing Power via Green Hydrogen

et al. 2021

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Hydrogen (H2) has become an important energy vector for mitigating the effects of climate change since it can be obtained from renewable sources and can be fed to fuel cells for producing power. Bioethanol can become a green H2 source via Ethanol Steam Reforming (ESR) but several variables influence the power production in the fuel cell. Herein, we explored and optimized the main variables that affect this power production. The process includes biomass fermentation, bioethanol purification, H2 production via ESR, syngas cleaning by a CO-removal reactor, and power production in a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC). Among the explored variables, the steam-to-ethanol molar ratio (S/E) employed in the ESR has the strongest influence on power production, process efficiency, and energy consumption. This effect is followed by other variables such as the inlet ethanol concentration and the ESR temperature. Although the CO-removal reactor did not show a significant effect on power production, it is key to increase the voltage on the fuel cell and consequently the power production. Optimization was carried out by the response surface methodology (RSM) and showed a maximum power of 0.07 kWh kg−1 of bioethanol with an efficiency of 17%, when ESR temperature is 700 °C. These values can be reached from different bioethanol sources as the S/E and CO-removal temperature are changed accordingly with the inlet ethanol concentration. Because there is a linear correlation between S/E and ethanol concentration, it is possible to select a proper S/E and CO-removal temperature to maximize the power generation in the HT-PEMFC via ESR. This study serves as a starting point to diversify the sources for producing H2 and moving towards a H2-economy.

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“…In the last years, increasing relevance has been given to consider LUC-related sustainability impacts of bio-based value chains 27 . However, recent studies reveal that most studies related to bio-based value chain still focus on supply chain GHG emissions without accounting for LUC-related GHG emissions 54 . For example, only a few studies related to ethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass such as perennial grasses and Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) account for LUC-related GHG emissions and other impacts 54,55 .…”

Section: Gaps In Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent studies reveal that most studies related to bio-based value chain still focus on supply chain GHG emissions without accounting for LUC-related GHG emissions 54 . For example, only a few studies related to ethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass such as perennial grasses and Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) account for LUC-related GHG emissions and other impacts 54,55 . In addition, most of these studies are carried under an aggregated level and fail to include the effect of context-specific conditions that determine essential spatially explicit parameters such as yields and carbon stocks of the previous and the following land uses.…”

Section: Gaps In Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

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In the past decades, sugarcane production in Brazil has expanded rapidly to meet increasing ethanol demand. The large majority of this expansion occurred in Sao Paulo state. We used an integrated approach considering location-specific biophysical characteristics to determine the environmental impacts of sugarcane expansion and their spatial variation in Sao Paulo state (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015). The included environmental impacts are greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, biodiversity, soil erosion, and water quantity. All impacts were integrated into a single environmental performance index to determine trade-offs between impacts. Our results show a strong spatial variation in environmental impacts and trade-offs between them. The magnitude and direction of these impacts are mostly driven by the type of land use change and by the heterogeneity of the biophysical conditions. Areas where expansion of sugar cane has resulted in mostly negative environmental impacts are located in the center and east of the state (related to the change of shrublands, eucalyptus, and forest), while areas where sugar cane expansion has resulted in positive impacts are located in the center-west and north (related to the change of annual crops). Identifying areas with mainly positive and negative impacts enables the development of strategies to mitigate negative effects and enhance positive ones for future sugarcane expansion. 24 42 3 A carbon footprint assessment of multi-output biorefineries with international biomass supply: a case study for the Netherlands

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Life Cycle Assessment of Bioethanol Production: A Review of Feedstock, Technology and Methodology

Cited by 40 publications

References 59 publications

Conversion of Lignocellulose for Bioethanol Production, Applied in Bio-Polyethylene Terephthalate

Conversion of Lignocellulose for Bioethanol Production, Applied in Bio-Polyethylene Terephthalate

Biomass Potential for Producing Power via Green Hydrogen

Land for biomass?

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