Life cycle assessment of cubic boron nitride grinding wheels

Winter, Marius; Ibbotson, Suphunnika; Kara, Sami; Herrmann, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.05.088

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Grinding force and vibration of grit-material system keep almost unchanged. The result agrees with the conclusion of the research [21,22,23,24].…”

Section: Analysis Considering Negative Rake Angle Of Working Gritssupporting

confidence: 93%

Quantitative impacts of regenerative vibration and abrasive wheel eccentricity on surface grinding dynamic performance

Chen

et al. 2018

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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In grinding, regenerative-vibration and forced-vibration due to grinding wheel eccentric rotation are main excited-vibration sources that interact with grinding material removal mechanism. In the paper, instantaneous undeformed chip thickness in down-grinding cutting phase may consist of two components, i.e. linear kinetic thickness and nonlinear dynamic thickness. Considering abrasive grit-workpiece interaction in the grinding contact zone, the grinding vibration system is presented by a new set of differential equations of two degrees of freedom (DOF) with a close-loop feedback control system models. Conventional grinding control parameters, including wheel spindle speed, work-speed in feed direction and radial cutting depth, are often regarded as linear constants in many existing simplified models. When considering time delay, they can be transferred to nonlinear variables, so the capability of prediction and the accuracy of solution of the grit-workpiece dynamics performance are improved. Based on quantitative comparison of force and vibration magnitudes, the influence of the eccentric rotation of abrasive wheel and the negative rake angle of working grit cutting edges on grinding performance are demonstrated in the paper.

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“…Grinding force and vibration of grit-material system keep almost unchanged. The result agrees with the conclusion of the research [21,22,23,24].…”

Section: Analysis Considering Negative Rake Angle Of Working Gritssupporting

confidence: 93%

Quantitative impacts of regenerative vibration and abrasive wheel eccentricity on surface grinding dynamic performance

Chen

et al. 2018

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…Sustainable aspects of grinding have attracted increasingly attention from both industry and academia (Linke and Overcash, 2012). High specific energy rates (Aurich et al, 2013;Winter et al, 2015) and use of environmentally harmful cutting fluids (Chetan et al, 2015;Clarens et al, 2008;Hadad, 2015) are some examples.…”

Section: Key Aspects For Environmental and Productive Assessment Of Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Winter et al (2014) enhanced this analysis by adding the economic costs and the global warming potential impacts related to the use of cutting fluids in the evaluation. In a study regarding the LCA of cBN grinding wheels, Winter et al (2015) expanded the environmental analysis and made use of an aggregated indicator, Eco-Indicator 0 99, to address other impact categories other than carbon footprint. Still, these approaches may be expanded and address a broader range of impact categories and in a non-aggregated way.…”

Section: Key Aspects For Environmental and Productive Assessment Of Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grinding is traditionally designated as a final machining process, providing superior surface properties to the ground part, such as smoother surfaces and tighter dimensional tolerances (Malkin and Guo, 2008;Winter et al, 2015). These improved surface properties can positively affect the part lifespan and function efficiency (e.g., by friction reduction of the ground part), thereby reducing the negative potential environmental impacts during its usage (Aurich et al, 2013;Kirsch et al, 2014;Linke and Overcash, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Productive and environmental performance indicators analysis by a combined LCA hybrid model and real-time manufacturing process monitoring: A grinding unit process application

Filleti

Silva

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Among machining processes, grinding has been used to achieve high dimensional tolerances and surface quality on workpieces. Yet, high levels of energy expenditure per volume of removed material and the need for cutting fluids make grinding one of the most environmentally impactful machining processes. Furthermore, changes in parameters such as grain and bond specifications of the grinding wheel, cutting speed, and specific material removal rate can lead to different productive and environmental results. Thus, the analysis of grinding processes should not be aggregated and leveraged into a single and broad output parameter. Instead, comprehensive study should be performed, in which the most relevant process parameters, inputs and outputs are considered. This paper presents a detailed study of grinding process, including the characterization of machine subunits and production modes, along with the use of a combined life cycle assessment hybrid model and real-time monitoring system to evaluate the consumption of energy, tooling, cutting fluid and compressed air. A detailed cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment study using eleven different impact categories and a productive performance assessment were performed to evaluate the effects on varying specific material removal rate and wheel type. For equal values of specific material removal rate, the change from a conventional wheel to a cubic boron nitride represented a power requirement increase of 19–24%. Cubic boron nitride wheel achieved remarkably better results on the wheel wear and part roughness indicators for all tested conditions. The environmental performance assessment showed a strict relation between the process environmental impacts and the consumption of electric energy and cutting fluid. To conclude, despite the higher power requirements, the combination of cubic boron nitride wheel with high values of specific material removal rate optimizes both the productive and the environmental results

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“…Sustainability in grinding tools is gaining more attention [1]; therefore, grinding tool ingredients and manufacture have to be critically evaluated. Only few studies on the life cycle and sustainability of grinding tools have been conducted so far [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing and sustainability of bonding systems for grinding tools

Linke

2016

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

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(150 -200 words)Grinding and honing processes are quality-defining operations in the production of many modern products. Process performance and product quality are contingent on selecting the correct abrasive tool for a specific application. Thus, tools with different bonding systems are used, namely resin bonded tools, vitrified bonded tools, and metallic bonded tools. Tool manufacturers have great knowledge in the choice and intricate production of these bond types and their countless variants. Most bond systems pass through mixing, forming, pressing, heat treatment, and post-processing steps. Single-layer metallic bonds can be generated by electroplating or brazing processes. This article reviews the manufacturing of tools with different bonding systems and discusses their ingredients. Furthermore, the economic, environmental and social dimension of tool production and tool use are considered to understand sustainability issues of different bond types. The review of tool manufacturing is necessary to enable informed Life Cycle Assessments or other sustainability analyses for grinding or honing.

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Life cycle assessment of cubic boron nitride grinding wheels

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Quantitative impacts of regenerative vibration and abrasive wheel eccentricity on surface grinding dynamic performance

Quantitative impacts of regenerative vibration and abrasive wheel eccentricity on surface grinding dynamic performance

Productive and environmental performance indicators analysis by a combined LCA hybrid model and real-time manufacturing process monitoring: A grinding unit process application

Manufacturing and sustainability of bonding systems for grinding tools

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