Life Cycle Assessment of Incandescent, Fluorescent, Compact Fluorescent and Light Emitting Diode Lamps in an Indian Scenario

Sangwan, Kuldip Singh; Bhakar, Vikrant; Naik, Shilpa; Andrat, Sylvi Nazareth

doi:10.1016/j.procir.2014.06.017

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Compared to linear fluorescent lamps, LED-lamps 102 lm/W show a weaker performance for almost all impact categories (Navigant, 2009;Sangwan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Comparative Full Life Cycle Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results are contradictory for an LED luminous efficacy between 43 lm/W and 65 lm/W (Navigant, 2009(Navigant, , 2012Osram, 2009;Quirk, 2009;Sangwan et al, 2014). Four studies show continually better impact results for LED-lamps with > 75 lm/W (Navigant, 2009(Navigant, , 2012Principi and Fioretti, 2014;Quirk, 2009).…”

Section: Comparative Full Life Cycle Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sixteen of the impact categories are used by only one single study. The endpoint characterization method Eco-indicator 99 was applied in four studies (Abdul Hadi et al, 2013;Sangwan et al, 2014;T€ ahk€ am€ o and Halonen, 2015;Welz et al, 2011).…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventories For All Lamp Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Franz

Wenzl

2017

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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Resource scarcity, hazardous waste, and climate change are the driving forces for developing energy efficient and low-toxic lighting sources. Currently, solid state lighting based on lightemitting diodes is expected to become the most dominant lighting technology of the future, mostly driven by its advantage with respect to energy efficiency. Parallel to the ongoing development of light-emitting diode-based lighting sources, a number of single case and comparative life cycle assessment studies of LED-lamps and components in varying study settings were carried out. However, these studies mostly rely to specific lamp designs, which limits general conclusions. This work includes a summary of the global market of lighting and LEDlamp technologies, followed by a comprehensive review and comparison of published life cycle assessment studies. In addition, we take also some aspects, which are relevant for the well-being of an end-user and which are usually not treated in life cycle assessment studies, like glare and health issues, into consideration. A critical interpretation of the assumptions and outcomes of these studies is given and questions that remain unsettled and therefore should be addressed in future studies are discussed.

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“…Compared to linear fluorescent lamps, LED-lamps 102 lm/W show a weaker performance for almost all impact categories (Navigant, 2009;Sangwan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Comparative Full Life Cycle Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparative Full Life Cycle Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Franz

Wenzl

2017

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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“…By means of applying 'LCA' and 'lamps' to Scopus database, it was possible to identify 47 publications, of which 11 fulfilled the choice criteria proposed: Apisitpuvakul et al 2008;Weltz et al, 2011;Lim et al 2013;Tahkamo et al 2013;Hadi et al 2013;Principi and Fioretti, 2014;Sangwan et al 2014, Tahkamo et al 2014, Tan et al (2015, Yu et al (2016) and Bergesen et al (2016). By changing the keywords for 'life cycle assessment' and 'lamps' and applying for the same database, 38 publications were found, however, all papers that fit in the criteria were already identified by the first survey.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…production and disposal) when considered in the system boundaries can influence the environmental performance of a lamp. In the study developed by Sangwan et al (2014) comparing fluorescent, incandescent and LED lamps, the results varied considerably when the manufacturing and disposal stages were included in the system boundaries. Similarly, Quirk (2009) states that the knowledge of all life cycle stages of the lamps is crucial for the development of public policies addressing climate changes issues and to improve the LED lamps technology (DOE 2012a).…”

Section: Lalca Revista Latino-americana Em Avaliação Do Ciclo De Vidamentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of functional unit on life cycle assessment of lamps: a review of results

Nazaro

Zanghelini

Cherubini

et al. 2017

LALCA

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As lâmpadas foram desenvolvidas da tecnologia incandescente, para a fluorescente e para o diodo emissor de luz (LED), o que aumentou a eficiência na conversão da iluminação e estendeu a vida útil do produto, consequentemente ocasionando na diminuição dos impactos ambientais. No entanto, a melhoria da fase de uso das lâmpadas, exige um sistema de produção mais complexo, incluindo (por vezes) materiais perigosos, o que piorou também sua disposição final. Estudos de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) são desenvolvidos desde 1996 envolvendo lâmpadas, e agora, com a evolução da tecnologia, as comparações estão ficando mais comuns. Esses estudos geram resultados variados, em que a unidade funcional (UF) desempenha um papel fundamental para gerar essas diferenças, mesmo quando os sistemas de produto são semelhantes, dificultando a compreensão das comparações. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a produção científica de ACVs de lâmpadas, desenvolvendo um panorama dos sistemas de produto e suas definições de UF, bem como dos resultados, para indicar tendências e padrões da aplicação neste tema. A metodologia proposta foi de uma revisão integrativa da literatura aplicada a bases de dados científicos e outros documentos. A pesquisa identificou 16 artigos, onde ficou evidente o recente aumento dos estudos de ACVs comparativos. Nesta amostragem foram encontradas quatro diferentes definições de UF. Contudo, uma descrição complementar do desempenho do produto permite equalizar a UF numa base comum, em que os valores para a mudança climática têm mostrado que as lâmpadas LED são preferíveis às lâmpadas fluorescentes, que são preferíveis às incandescentes. Embora a comparação tenha sido possível, a UF deve ser claramente indicada para representar a função dos produtos, neste caso: a quantidade de lúmen.horas. Resumen Las lámparas se han desarrollado a partir de la tecnología incandescente, fluorescente, y un diodo emisor de luz (LED), lo que significa un aumento de la eficiencia de conversión de luz, que extiende la vida útil del producto y reduce así el impacto ambiental. Sin embargo, mejorar la fase de uso de las lámparas requiere un sistema de producción más complejo, incluyendo (a veces) materiales peligrosos, lo que empeora la disposición final. La Análisis del Ciclo de Vida (ACV) se ha dirigido a las lámparas desde 1996, y ahora con su evolución, las comparaciones son cada vez más comunes. Estos estudios llevan a resultados diferentes, donde la unidad funcional (UF) tiene un papel clave para la generación de estas diferencias, mismo cuando los sistemas de productos son similares, lo que dificultaría la comprensión general de las comparaciones. El objetivo fue analizar la producción científica de ACV de lámparas, el desarrollo de un marco de sistemas de productos, la definición de UF y los resultados para indicar tendencias y normas de aplicación de la metodología del ACV, incluyendo las posibilidades de comparabilidad. La metodología propuesta fue una revisión integrativa de la literatura aplicada a bases de datos científicas y análisis de contenido de documentos adicionales. La investigación identificó 16 artículos, donde está claro el reciente aumento en los estudios comparativos de ACV dirigidos a las tecnologías de iluminación. Había 4 diferentes definiciones de UF en los documentos. Sin embargo, la descripción adicional del rendimiento del producto permite equiparar el UF a una base común, donde los valores para el cambio climático han demostrado que las lámparas LED son mejores que las fluorescentes, que a su vez son preferibles que las incandescentes. Aunque esto podría ser posible, UF debe estar siempre claramente indicado y representar la función de los productos, en este caso la cantidad lúmen.hora de una lámpara Abstract Lamps have been developed since incandescent technology, to fluorescent and light emitted diode (LED), increasing lighting conversion efficiency, extending product’s life span, and, consequently, decreasing environmental impacts. However, improving the use phase of lamps demand a more complex production system, including (sometimes) hazardous materials, what have worsened final disposal as well. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been addressed to lamps since 1996, and now with its evolution, comparisons are getting more common. These studies lead to different results, wherein functional unit (FU) plays a key role to generate these differences, even when product systems are similar, making difficult the overall understanding of comparisons. We aimed to analyze the scientific production of LCA of lamps, developing a framework of the product systems, the FU definition and the results to indicate trends and patterns of the LCA methodology application, including comparison possibilities. The proposed methodology was an integrative literature review applied to scientific databases and further papers content analysis. The survey identified 16 papers, where it is clear the recent increase on comparative LCA studies addressed to lighting technologies. There were 4 different FU definitions in papers. However, complementary description of product performance enable one to equalize FU into a common basis, wherein values for climate change have shown that LED lamps are preferable than fluorescents, that are preferable than incandescent. Even though this was possible, FU should be clearly indicated and represent products function, in this case: an amount of lumen-hour.

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A novel embedded controller operated R‐2R scheme to conduct the solar energy based supply side management

Ghodki

Swarup

Pal

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary Energy transformation losses occurred during the conversion process from solar panel to end use are serious concern for the reduction of solar energy. To eliminate the intermediate conversion losses, a novel embedded controller based R‐2R scheme is proposed, which conducts the solar powered supply side management (SSM), wherein the R‐2R network is utilized to manage and control the solar and mains supplies by using a current control methodology. The IEEE 1149.1 specification compliant mixed signal embedded platform of C8051F226DK is incorporated to control the entire system. Also, the SAR‐based 8‐bit ADC was utilized for the A/D data conversion and Darlington drivers were used for the inductive loads of switching network. The experimental work on the hardware prototype of the system is capable to achieve the average energy of 42.22% and 39.31% as well as average efficiency of 43.05% and 41.8% for the summer and winter seasons, respectively. In addition to this, comparatively higher values of 60.24% and 58.29% for the daily electricity cost saving were resulted in these summer and winter seasons, respectively. As compared to the traditional methods, a novel R‐2R technique extracts the solar power instantly with zero response time and also utilizes the problem of nonlinear behavior and random connectivity of solar supply in the supply side energy management. These characteristics together with plug‐n‐play installation strategy based user‐friendly operation make this indigenously developed device competitive among other energy management solutions.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Incandescent, Fluorescent, Compact Fluorescent and Light Emitting Diode Lamps in an Indian Scenario

Cited by 40 publications

References 4 publications

Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

Critical review on life cycle inventories and environmental assessments of LED-lamps

The influence of functional unit on life cycle assessment of lamps: a review of results

A novel embedded controller operated R‐2R scheme to conduct the solar energy based supply side management

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