Life Cycle Assessment of International Biomass Utilization: A Case Study of Malaysian Palm Kernel Shells for Biomass Power Generation in Japan

The impact of lignocellulosic ethanol production on the environment from a life cycle perspective

“…In the field of biomass energy, some scholars have used LCA to analyze cases of biomass power. For example, Disni Gamaralalage et al reported that using Malaysian palm kernel shells to generate electricity was more beneficial than using native wood chips [7]. Rukayya Ibrahim Muazu et al used LCA to conclude that the densification unit and curing (fuel drying) had the highest impact on the life cycle's operational energy and the total life cycle energy [8].…”

Coordinated Integration of Agricultural and Industrial Processes: a Case Study of Sugarcane-Derived Production

“…The past research activities in palm oil industries can be positioned on the parts of the function model. The reports about LCA of products from oil palm (e.g., Carlson et al 2013;Gamaralalage et al 2022;Lam et al 2019;Xu et al 2020) originated from the evident problems that palm oil production may have caused serious environmental issues. The increase in GHG emission that resulted from the change of land use for the expansion of palm oil were visualized as scientifically informed data for Kalimantan (Carlson et al 2013) and other regions in Indonesia (Lam et al 2019).…”

“…The GHG emission from the cradle-to-gate life cycle of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) should be carefully examined to consider the classification of PFAD in the life cycle of palm oil, namely, residue, byproducts, or coproducts of palm oil processing (Xu et al 2020), the environmental loads of which include the processes from palm cultivation to palm oil refinery. The settings in LCA on palm oil plantation has also major impacts on the GHG emission reduction potential of the application of palm kernel shell (PKS) as biofuel in power generation (Gamaralalage et al 2022). In these studies, project objectives were set considering every kind of constraints (C1-C5) in A11 to define the system boundary (A12) and to scrutinize the present system (A13).…”

The effect of ZnSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3 on the pyrolysis of cocoa shells: A tg-FTIR study

“…Biomass is currently considered an important renewable resource that can contribute to a country's economy, sustainability, and energy security [ 1 ]. One of the main advantages of using biomass for energy and power generation is that it is a cleaner source of energy than fossil fuels, due to its low nitrogen, sulfur, and ash content, which minimizes emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) [ 2 ].…”