Life Cycle Assessment of Microwave Hot Air Systems

Chen, Jin; Chen, Guo; Peng, Jinhui

doi:10.1002/9781118663448.ch74

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…At the point of 922 °C, lattice of CaO was not perfect. [3] Fig. 2DTA and TG Curve of Mussel Shell Experimental procedure of biodiesel.Commercial edible-grade soybean oil was purchased from the market and used as the raw material for the production of biodiesel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, ore calcium carbonate is the raw material to produce CaO. Besides, there are several natural calcium sources from wastes, such as eggshell, mollusk shell, and bone [3]. Using wastes as raw materials for catalyst synthesis could eliminate the wastes and simultaneously produced the catalysts with high cost effectiveness.…”

Section: Fig1 Mechanism Of Cao-catalyzingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid- Alkali Catalyst of Mussel Shell Used in Producing Biodiesel

Zhang

Liu

2012

AMR

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Calcium dioxide can catalyze soybean oil to obtain biodiesel in triglyceride transesteriﬁcation. Waste mussel shells were utilized as a source of calcium oxide. The shell was calcined in N2 at 1000°C with optimum time of 2 h to obtain active CaO catalysts. Parametric studies have been investigated and perfect conditions were found to be methanol/oil mole ratio, 9:1; catalyst amount, 4wt%; reaction temperature, 65°C; stirring rate of 450 round per minute; reaction time, constant 3h; methyl esters conversion above 98% . Reusability results improved that the prepared catalyst is able to be reemployed up to 9 times. These results indicate waste mussel shell combusted at high temperature can be reused in biodiesel production as a low cost catalyst.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig1 Mechanism Of Cao-catalyzingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid- Alkali Catalyst of Mussel Shell Used in Producing Biodiesel

Zhang

Liu

2012

AMR

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“…Catalyst Preparation and Reaction. The mussel shell was dipped into 0.01% sodium hypochlorite solution soak for 30 minutes to clean dirty substance then washed thoroughly with distilled water several times [4]. Then it was dried in oven at 110℃.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters in Biodiesel Catalyzed by Shell based on Gas Chromatography

Zhang

Shen²,

Liu

2011

AMR

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In order to analyze the content of fatty acid methyl esters, biodiesel was analyzed by gas chromatography method. Biodiesel was produced from the raw materials soybean oil and mussel shell catalysts. GC analysis was developed by using HP-innowax chromatographic column and FID detector. Undecanoic acid methyl ester was chosen as internal standard solution. The results show that five kinds of fatty acid methyl esters were linear at range 4 g•L-1～31 g•L-1 (γ≥0.9928). The average recovery rate was 98.28%～101.85%, and relative standard deviation was less than 0.31%. The coefficient of variance of precision was less than 1.59%. This GC method is simple, rapid and accurate and it will be the base for further research.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Microwave Hot Air Systems

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Solid- Alkali Catalyst of Mussel Shell Used in Producing Biodiesel

Solid- Alkali Catalyst of Mussel Shell Used in Producing Biodiesel

Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters in Biodiesel Catalyzed by Shell based on Gas Chromatography

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