Life Cycle Assessment of Silicon-Nanotube-Based Lithium Ion Battery for Electric Vehicles

Deng, Yelin; Ma, Lulu; Li, Tonghui; Li, Jian‐Yang; Yuan, Chris

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b04136

Cited by 70 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Silicon nanotubes (Si-NT) represent a promising structure to mitigate the aforenamed challenges. [3,4,10] The free empty space inside the tube can accommodate more volume changes, provide extra electrolyte-accessible inner surfaces, and guarantee shortened diffusion length for lithium ions. [2,4,5] In addition, the 1D character of Si-NT can facilitate axial charge transfer and shorten the radial Li-ion diffusion distance.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/advs202001492mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After cycling for 100 cycles, the tubular structure of Si nanotubes still keeps intact ( Figure S14c,d), indicating that the free spaces inside the hollow Si nanotubes can maintain the structure integrity upon cycling, therefore contributing to a higher capacity retention when compared with the solid-core Si-NW/Ag. [3,4,10] However, volume swelling of the samples are still observed after cycling test ( Figure S14a,b, Supporting Information), which should be one important reason for capacity fading. In addition, the initial current efficiency (ICE) of Si-NT/Ag (81%, Figure S12b, Supporting Information) is much higher than that of Si-NW/Ag (62%, Figure S13a, Supporting Information), revealing that the hollow structure of Si-NT/Ag with more exposed specific surfaces can promote the swift formation of stable SEI film.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/advs202001492mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Template‐Free Electrochemical Formation of Silicon Nanotubes from Silica

et al. 2020

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Silicon, with its elaborate microstructure, plays important roles in energy materials. In operando engineering of microstructure during extraction is an ideal protocol to develop advanced Si‐based materials. A template‐free electrochemical preparation of silicon nanotubes (Si‐NT) is herein achieved by co‐electrolysis of SiO2 and AgCl in molten NaCl–CaCl2 at 850 °C. The in situ electrodeposited Ag facilitates the generation of a liquid Ag–Si intermediate, triggering a liquid–solid mechanism to direct the growth of Si‐NT. An automatic separation of Ag from Si then occurs in the following cooling process, resulting in Ag deposits on the Ni current collector and recycling of Ag. Such a facile and smart preparation of Si‐NT from affordable silica guarantees an enhanced current efficiency of 74%, a decreased energy consumption of 12.1 kW h kgSi−1, and enhanced lithium‐storage capability of the electrolytic Si‐NT. An in situ coating of Ag over the Si‐NT can also be fulfilled by simply introducing soluble AgCl in the melts. The present study provides a template‐free preparation and an in situ surface modification of Si‐NT.

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Section: Doi: 101002/advs202001492mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Doi: 101002/advs202001492mentioning

confidence: 99%

Template‐Free Electrochemical Formation of Silicon Nanotubes from Silica

et al. 2020

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“…When lithium and silicon form Li 4.4 Si, the theoretical capacity is as high as 4200 mAh g −1 , which is much higher than the theoretical capacity of graphite . Second, silicon has a low operation potential plateau (0.2–0.5 V vs. Li + /Li) . Finally, silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth crust, second only to oxygen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the one hand, clean energy is widely used, and traditional energy conversion storage equipment has been unable to satisfy various demands . On the other hand, the widespread use of portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and the Internet of things leads to people need higher requirements for energy storage devices . Lithium‐ion batteries(LIB) have been widely studied due to their light weight, high energy, and safety .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Anodes for High‐Performance Storage Devices: Structural Design, Material Compounding, Advances in Electrolytes and Binders

Hou

Yang

2020

ChemNanoMat

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Silicon has an extremely high theoretical capacity, a low voltage platform, and abundant natural reserves. It is considered to be one of the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, there are still many problems with silicon as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. During the lithiation/delithiation of silicon, a huge volume expansion occurs, causing the silicon particles to pulverize and the capacity to drop sharply. Furthermore, the continuous increase in the silicon surface solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) films and the poor conductivity of silicon affect the specific capacity of the battery. Means to improve silicon-based anodes with regard to electrode cycling performance and electrode capacity include structural design, composite preparation, or improvements in electrolytes and binders (for example, designing silicon nanomaterials of different dimensions from 0D to 3D, including silicon nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods, thin films, porous silicon, and core-shell structures). Silicon has been combined with different materials to buffer its own volume expansion, resulting in excellent performance. In addition, the design of a reasonable electrolyte solution, as well as the development of a selfhealing binder is one of the main methods to improve Sibased anodes. In recent years, sodium/potassium ion batteries have been increasingly studied, and silicon and sodium/potassium can be alloyed. The corresponding theoretical capacity can reach 954 mAh g À 1 and 955 mAh g À 1 , respectively. Advances in silicon-based anodes for sodium/ potassium ion storage are summarized herein.ductility. [25] It can increase the conductivity of silicon and adapt to the large volume expansion of silicon. In addition, some are compounded with silicon or metal or metal oxides. Such as copper, silver, tin oxide and titanium oxide. [39][40][41][42][43][44] In addition to changing the silicon's own morphological structure and preparing composite materials, the design and selection of electrolytes and binders is to improve the performance of silicon-based electrodes from the outside. By selecting the appropriate electrolytes, the electrode materials can be effectively reduced deterioration. At present, various additive-modified organic solvent electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, and all-solid electrolytes are widely used in silicon-based anodes. [45][46][47][48] In addition, it is widely applicable to the binder polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) of lithium ion battery electrode materials, but

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“…Several studies, that constitute closest available literature, include analysis of several emerging cathode composites that only loosely resemble some of the materials used for the fabrication of novel electrodes. 9,10 Similarly, lack of science-based environmental impact analysis applies to the exploration of a new trend of combining metalhydroxides with carbon-based materials such as rGO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%