Life cycle assessment of the road transport sector

Eriksson, Emil; Blinge, Magnus; Lövgren, Göran

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(96)05192-3

Cited by 53 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Many LCA studies dealing with vehicles or components exist [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Often, vehicle-LCA studies provide contradictory results, depending on the data and modeling assumptions used, making it difficult for policy makers to formulate solid decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Range-Based Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment Incorporating Variability in the Environmental Assessment of Different Vehicle Technologies and Fuels

et al. 2014

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How to compare the environmental performance of different vehicle technologies? Vehicles with lower tailpipe emissions are perceived as cleaner. However, does it make sense to look only to tailpipe emissions? Limiting the comparison only to these emissions denies the fact that there are emissions involved during the production of a fuel and this approach gives too much advantage to zero-tailpipe vehicles like battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). Would it be enough to combine fuel production and tailpipe emissions? Especially when comparing the environmental performance of alternative vehicle technologies, the emissions during production of the specific components and their appropriate end-of-life treatment processes should also be taken into account. Therefore, the complete life cycle of the vehicle should be included in order to avoid problem shifting from one life stage to another. In this article, a full life cycle assessment (LCA) of petrol, diesel, fuel cell electric (FCEV), compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), hybrid electric, battery electric (BEV), bio-diesel and bio-ethanol vehicles has been performed. The aim of the manuscript is to investigate the impact of the different vehicle technologies on the environment and to OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 1468 develop a range-based modeling system that enables a more robust interpretation of the LCA results for a group of vehicles. Results are shown for climate change, respiratory effects, acidification and mineral extraction damage of the different vehicle technologies. A broad range of results is obtained due to the variability within the car market. It is concluded that it is essential to take into account the influence of all the vehicle parameters on the LCA results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Range-Based Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment Incorporating Variability in the Environmental Assessment of Different Vehicle Technologies and Fuels

et al. 2014

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“…Por tanto, la incógnita en este caso es la puntuación inicial P i inic para la cual la sensibilidad del ICES frente a la variable k es máxima, ya que el resto de parámetros son coeficientes o valores conocidos. En consecuencia, el problema matemático consiste en el cálculo del máximo absoluto de una función de P i inic , según la ecuación [12], continua y nderivable, dentro de un intervalo de posibles valores de P i inic .…”

Section: Planteamiento Generalunclassified

“…A pesar de que hasta ahora se haya considerado que la ecuación [12] es continua y n-derivable, la realidad es que el modelo de la EHE incluye variables discretas. Esto provoca que, en algunos casos, el escenario determinado teóricamente como de máxima sensibilidad no pueda darse en la realidad, al no estar contemplado el valor teórico de P i inic de dicho escenario entre los posibles valores que puede tomar la variable discreta.…”

Section: Planteamiento Generalunclassified

Análisis de sensibilidad y estudio crítico del modelo de evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la Instrucción Española de Hormigón Estructural

Mel¹,

Gómez²,

Cruz³

et al. 2015

Inf. constr.

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RESUMENEste artículo presenta los resultados de un análisis de sensibilidad del modelo de evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la Instrucción Española de Hormigón Estructural EHE-08. Expone también los resultados de un análisis de ciclo de vida (ACV) de consumo de energía y emisiones de CO 2 . A partir de ello se realizan comparaciones, con el objetivo de establecer propuestas de mejora para dicho modelo. La conclusión más importante es que algunos de los pesos y funciones de valor usados en el mismo no son coherentes con los resultados del análisis de ciclo de vida. El modelo de sostenibilidad que se establezca en próximas versiones normativas debería tener otros pesos y funciones que sirvan para acercarse más a los resultados del ACV.Palabras clave: Evaluación de la sostenibilidad; análisis del ciclo de vida; MIVES; hormigón estructural; normativa. ABSTRACT

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“…According to Eriksson et al [41], the environmental impact of transport activities should include CO 2 , NO x and SO x emissions. The unitary (i.e., kg/km) values of NO x and SO x emissions are significantly lower than that of CO 2 emissions; more precisely, they account for 0.00021 kg/km and 0.00008 kg/km on average for a heavy vehicle, while for the same kind of vehicle, CO 2 emissions account for 0.699 kg/km (≈3000 times as much) [42].…”

Section: Computation Of the Environmental Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimization of the Environmental Emissions of Closed-Loop Supply Chains: A Case Study of Returnable Transport Assets Management

Bottani

Casella

2018

Sustainability

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This study investigates the issue of minimizing the environmental burden of a real closed-loop supply chain (CLSC), consisting of a pallet provider, a manufacturer and several retailers. A simulation model is developed under Microsoft Excel™ (Microsoft Corporation, Washington, US) to reproduce the flow of returnable transport items (RTIs) in the CLSC and to compute the corresponding environmental impact. Multi-objective optimization, including some relevant environmental key performance indicators (KPIs), is then carried out exploiting the commercial software ModeFRONTIER™ (ESTECO S.p.A., Trieste, Italy), to determine the settings that minimize emissions of the CLSC. In addition, economic and strategic metrics are taken into account in the optimization, to make the analysis more comprehensive. Three scenarios are considered (one "base" scenario and two scenarios examined in a sensitivity analysis) with different relative importance assigned to the metrics subject to optimization. Results show that the asset retrieving operations contribute to the environmental impact of the system to the greatest extent, mainly because of the quite relevant distance between Company A and its customers. Conversely, emissions due to the purchase of new assets contribute to the total environmental impact of the system to a very limited extent. Because the analysis is grounded on a real CLSC, the results are expected to provide practical indications to logistics and supply chain managers, to minimize the environmental performance of the system.

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Life cycle assessment of the road transport sector

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

A Range-Based Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment Incorporating Variability in the Environmental Assessment of Different Vehicle Technologies and Fuels

A Range-Based Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment Incorporating Variability in the Environmental Assessment of Different Vehicle Technologies and Fuels

Análisis de sensibilidad y estudio crítico del modelo de evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la Instrucción Española de Hormigón Estructural

Minimization of the Environmental Emissions of Closed-Loop Supply Chains: A Case Study of Returnable Transport Assets Management

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