Life cycle CO2 assessment method for concrete using CO2 balance and suggestion to decrease LCCO2 of concrete in South-Korean apartment

Lee, Sang‐Hyun; Park, Won-Jun; Lee, Han-Seung

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.11.034

Cited by 81 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…From these results, it is clear that the influence of design requirements and strength development can play a large role in the GWP associated with materials for construction of structures: up to 40% reduction for the building frame analyzed in this research. While some analyses of concrete building frames have suggested higher potential reduction in GHG emissions through the use of SCMs (e.g., 50%-80% [46,47]), such analyses have drawn comparisons to concrete that did not contain the SCM being investigated herein, which is Class F fly ash. Additionally, these assessments were conducted by either assuming an equivalent cementitious relationship between the SCM and cement, or did not address potential changes in strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions from concrete can be reduced by using mix proportions, geometric aspects, and age as design factors

Miller

Horvath

Monteiro

et al. 2015

Environ. Res. Lett.

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With increased awareness of the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the significant contribution from the cement industry, research efforts are being advanced to reduce the impacts associated with concrete production and consumption. A variety of methods have been proposed, one of the most common being the replacement of cement as a binder in concrete with supplementary cementitious materials, such as fly ash (FA), which can have lower environmental effects. The use of FA can change the kinetics of the hydration reactions and, consequently, modify the evolution of the concrete strength over time. Yet the influence of designing structural elements to obtain the required strength at later ages has not been examined in terms of their influence on global warming potential (GWP) of concrete. This research investigates the influence of design age, in addition to mix proportions and geometric aspects, on the GWP associated with making beams, columns, and a concrete building frame. Findings suggest that while the GWP for beams is not highly dependent on concrete mixture strength, the GWP for columns is dependent on strength, thus the influence of required strength at later ages influences GWP of making columns more so than beams. For the concrete frame analyzed, a potential 45% reduction in GWP, depending on mix proportions and design age, was found. Using the findings from this research, the GWP associated with production of concrete in California could be reduced by approximately 1.8 million metric tons of CO 2 -eq emissions, equivalent to approximately 2% of all industrial GHG emissions in California.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions from concrete can be reduced by using mix proportions, geometric aspects, and age as design factors

Miller

Horvath

Monteiro

et al. 2015

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Miller et al [16] investigated the influence of design age, in addition to mix proportions and geometric aspects, on the GWP (Global Warming Potential) associated with making beams, columns, and a concrete building frame. Lee et al [17] investigated a sustainable development method such as material, service life, and reusability of concrete in terms of CO2 balance (emission-absorption) and life cycle CO2 of concrete to suppress the reckless development in pursuit of economic benefits.…”

Section: Methodology Of Co 2 Life Cycle Assessment For Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of CO2 Emission Characteristics of Concrete Used at Construction Sites

Kim

Chae

Kim³

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:As the greenhouse gas reduction goal of 37% below business-as-usual (BAU) by 2030, the construction industry is recognized as an anti-environment industry for mass consumption/mass waste; thus, members of the industry are requested to make efforts to transform it into an environment-friendly industry. Concrete, a common construction material, is known to emit large amounts of environmentally hazardous waste during the processes related to its production, construction, maintenance, and demolition. The amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by the product is specified in a ready-mixed concrete report whenever concrete is sold commercially. Hence, there have been many studies addressing the quantitative evaluation and reduction of the environmental effects of concrete. This study aims to introduce a method for assessing the amount of carbon dioxide emission from the processes of producing concrete. Moreover, we measured the quantities of CO 2 emission of about 10 under-construction projects, including office buildings, apartment buildings, and high-rise residential buildings in South Korea. Using the assessment result, we analyzed the CO 2 reduction performance of an office building in South Korea and drew conclusions about measures for reducing CO 2 emission.

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“…In fact, during the demolition and storage stages of RCAs, this effect also happens due to the natural carbonation process. It has been acknowledged that after demolition and crushing of the concrete debris, a significant rapid carbonation of RCAs occurred in the first 1 to 2 years due to the increase of the exposed surface area . However, there is no information about the influence of the carbonated RCAs on the residual mechanical performance of RAC after exposure to high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and residual mechanical profile of recycled aggregate concrete prepared with carbonated concrete aggregates after exposure to elevated temperatures

2017

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SummaryThermal and residual mechanical performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) prepared with recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) after exposure to high temperatures has so far received less attention than that of conventional concrete prepared with natural aggregates (NAs). This study experimentally investigated thermal and residual mechanical performance of RAC prepared with different replacement percentages of non-carbonated and carbonated RCAs after exposure to high temperatures. The residual mechanical properties, including compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and peak strain at the maximum strength, were measured for evaluating the fire resistance of RAC. The experimental results showed that although the fire-resistant ability of natural granite aggregates was high, thermal deterioration of the conventional concrete after exposure to 600°C, presented by thermal induced mesocracks, was more serious than that of RAC due to thermal incompatibility between NAs and mortar. Using the carbonated RCAs can reduce the width of thermal mesocrack in RAC. The residual mechanical properties of RAC after exposure to 600°C can be obviously improved by incorporating 20% to 40% of the carbonated RCAs. For the RAC made with the 100% carbonated RCAs, the ratio of residual to initial compressive strength after exposure to above 500°C was even higher than that of the conventional concrete. Concrete structures undergo a series of remarkable changes in mechanical, physicochemical, thermal, and durability properties after exposure to high temperatures or fire. In the literature, a number of research studies have been done with different types of concretes exposed to high temperatures, which have indicated that there would be significant losses of compressive strength, changes of the stress-strain relationship (stiffness), changes of energy absorption capacities (toughness), and decrease of elastic modulus etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In particular, 3 kinds of mechanisms have mainly been considered for the deterioration of post-fire concretes, which are the decomposition of cement hydration products and aggregates, 8,9 the build-up of vapour pressure due to the released water, 10,11 and the thermal incompatibility between the concrete constituents. 12,13 Nowadays, with effective resource utilization and environmental protection, extensive research studies have been carried out over the past decades to explore the feasibility of using recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) in the production of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). 14 The motivation driving such sustainable development is to substitute conventional concrete with RAC as well as to increase the use of RCAs as renewable resources. However, the use of RCAs in structural concrete is still restricted due to their higher water absorption, higher porosity, and lower mechanical properties compared with natural aggregates (NAs). 15 To date, it has been generally found that the use of coarse RCAs to replace up to 30% of NAs would result in insignificant mechanical prope...

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Life cycle CO2 assessment method for concrete using CO2 balance and suggestion to decrease LCCO2 of concrete in South-Korean apartment

Cited by 81 publications

References 10 publications

Greenhouse gas emissions from concrete can be reduced by using mix proportions, geometric aspects, and age as design factors

Greenhouse gas emissions from concrete can be reduced by using mix proportions, geometric aspects, and age as design factors

Analysis of CO2 Emission Characteristics of Concrete Used at Construction Sites

Thermal and residual mechanical profile of recycled aggregate concrete prepared with carbonated concrete aggregates after exposure to elevated temperatures

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