Life cycle greenhouse gas perspective on exporting liquefied natural gas from the Unites States: 2019 update

Roman-White, Selina; Rai, Srijana; Littlefield, James; Cooney, Gregory J.; Skone, Timothy J

doi:10.2172/1607677

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Figure displays GHG emission intensity results for the Cheniere SPL supply chain up to regasification in China and compares to two similar assessments of emissions intensity from the U.S. LNG transported to China (Gan et al; NETL). , This study estimates a GHG intensity 30–43% lower than the Gan et al study, and 34–36% lower than the NETL study considering the 100 and 20 year GWP time horizons. The Gan et al result is the average of 21 scenarios for U.S. LNG exported from the Gulf Coast to China, with each scenario representing a different U.S. production techno-basin (combination of natural gas basin and extraction technology).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Greenhouse gas emission intensity, attributed to individual life-cycle stages for this work, compared to two similar assessments of emission intensity from U.S. LNG transported to China (Gan et al; NETL). , While each of the studies estimated an uncertainty range around the expected result in the original published work, the data for Gan et al and NETL were not published with sufficient granularity to allow error bars to be reconciled and shown in this work on a comparable basis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…To date, estimates of LNG supply chain emissions have not been supplier specific but national or regional in scope, often relying on generic emission factors and activity data to fill extensive data gaps. − We are unaware of any public study that incorporates detailed supplier-specific activity data to estimate bottom-up facility-level emissions across the LNG supply chain, including for natural gas liquefaction and ocean transport (see Supporting Information (SI) 15). ,,− Current studies rely on national or regional emission data, but even at this level of aggregation highlight the importance of emission upstream of end use (power plant). The studies estimate that upstream GHG emissions account for 20–45% of wellhead through power plant CO 2 e emissions on a 100 year basis, depending on exact scenario. ,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ,,− Current studies rely on national or regional emission data, but even at this level of aggregation highlight the importance of emission upstream of end use (power plant). The studies estimate that upstream GHG emissions account for 20–45% of wellhead through power plant CO 2 e emissions on a 100 year basis, depending on exact scenario. ,,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

LNG Supply Chains: A Supplier-Specific Life-Cycle Assessment for Improved Emission Accounting

Roman-White¹,

Littlefield²,

Fleury³

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Global trade in liquefied natural gas (LNG) is growing significantly, as is interest in the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with LNG. Most assessments of lifecycle GHG emissions from LNG have employed national or regional average emission estimates; however, there is significant variability in emissions across different suppliers and across the natural gas supply chain. This work describes a framework for compiling supplier-specific GHG emission data for LNG, from the producing well to regasification at the destination port. A case study is presented for Cheniere Energy's Sabine Pass Liquefaction (SPL) LNG supply chain from production in the United States and delivered to China. GHG emission intensities are estimated to be 30−43% lower than other analyses employing national or regional average emission profiles. The segments driving these differences are gas production and gathering, transmission, and ocean transport. Extending the boundaries of this analysis to the power plant illustrates the effect of fuel switching from coal to natural gas; the effect of fuel switching in China is a 47−57% reduction in GHG emission intensity, cradle through power generation. This work highlights the important role customized life-cycle assessments can play to improve GHG emission estimates and differentiate supply chains to inform business and policy decisions related to the transition to a low carbon future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

LNG Supply Chains: A Supplier-Specific Life-Cycle Assessment for Improved Emission Accounting

Roman-White¹,

Littlefield²,

Fleury³

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our analysis, we take this number as the power plant efficiency in the base-case scenario. The efficiency range of 41.2% ~ 49.2% is designed to be representative of NG-fueled power plants in the destinations [69]. Policies that specify acceptable NG composition and heat rates vary by regiontypical limits include a maximum of 4% of inert gases (nitrogen, argon, and CO2) and a heat rate in the 966~1074 Btu/ft 3 range [63].…”

Section: S32 Climate Benefit From Coal-to-gas Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Liquefied Natural Gas Industry Expansion May Imperil Paris Agreement Temperature Targets

Yang¹,

Ravikumar²,

Hastings‐Simon³

2020

Preprint

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The shift from coal to natural gas (NG) in the power sector has led to significant reductions in carbon emissions, earning NG the moniker of a bridge-fuel. The cheap NG that led to this shift is now fueling a global expansion in liquefied natural gas (LNG) infrastructure, particularly in the US, Canada, and Australia. In this work, we assess the viability of LNG expansion in reducing global carbon emissions through coal-togas switching in the power sector. In the near term (pre-2030), coal-togas substitution reduces global carbon emissions across all temperature targetshere, the potential for emissions reductions through coal-togas switching is 'LNG-limited', where there is significantly more coal power generation than the LNG required to substitute it. However, we find that long-term planned LNG expansion is not compatible with the Paris climate targets of 1.5ºC or 2ºChere, the potential for emissions reductions through coal-togas switching is 'coallimited'. The rapid decline in the share of coal power globally limits the potential for coal to gas substitution. In all scenarios analyzed, low upstream methane leakage and significant coal-togas substitution are critical to realizing the near-term climate benefits of LNG. Investors and governments should consider stranded risk assets associated with potentially shorter lifetimes of LNG infrastructure in a Paris-compatible world.

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Well-to-Propeller environmental assessment of natural gas as a marine transportation fuel in British Columbia, Canada

2020

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Life cycle greenhouse gas perspective on exporting liquefied natural gas from the Unites States: 2019 update

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

LNG Supply Chains: A Supplier-Specific Life-Cycle Assessment for Improved Emission Accounting

LNG Supply Chains: A Supplier-Specific Life-Cycle Assessment for Improved Emission Accounting

Global Liquefied Natural Gas Industry Expansion May Imperil Paris Agreement Temperature Targets

Well-to-Propeller environmental assessment of natural gas as a marine transportation fuel in British Columbia, Canada

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