Life-Cycle Variation in Geophytes

Dafni, Amots; Cohen, Dan; Noy-Mier, Imanuel

doi:10.2307/2398893

Cited by 122 publications

(120 citation statements)

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“…This enables the rampant development of geophytes (Rothstein, Zak 2001;Small, McCarthy 2002;Rawlik et al 2012). The substances accumulated in the geophytes underground storage organs enable their dynamic growth in early spring, before the development of tree leaves and other competing plants (Dafni et al 1981). The emergence of foliage in woody plants limits the access of light to the lower layers of the forest, affecting the conditions in the ground vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in the understorey biomass of an oak-hornbeam forest Galio sylvatici-Carpinetum betuli

Jagodziński¹,

Pietrusiak²,

Rawlik³

et al. 2013

Forest Research Papers

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Abstract. We studied seasonal changes in the understorey biomass of an oak-hornbeam forest association Galio sylvatici-Carpinetum betuli. Samples were collected weekly during the most dynamic period of herbaceous layer development (April-May 2010), and every two weeks for the remainder of the growing season (June-October). Samples were collected from 10 randomly selected localities of 0.36 m 2 within the plant community. The plants harvested were separated by species, then oven-dried and weighed. There were statistically significant differences in aboveground understorey biomass during the time between harvests. For example, the lowest plant biomass (produced in 2010 and previous years) was found on April 3rd (37.2 kg/ha), whereas the two highest were on May 1 st (308.1 kg/ha) and June 12 th (337.6 kg/ha). The lowest biomass of plants produced in 2010 was on April 3 rd (13.0 kg/ha) and the highest was on May 1 st (259.8 kg/ha). When biomass of particular herbaceous plant species were analyzed, there was no one clearly dominant species. For example, from March 20 th to May 22 nd the biomass of Ficaria verna was the highest at ca. 36% of the total herbaceous layer plant biomass (range: 14.5-51.0%). During the next harvesting period (June-October), there were a few dominant herbaceous plant species, e.g. Geranium robertianum, Stachys sylvatica, Impatiens parviflora, Dryopteris dilatata, Dryopteris carthusiana, Dryopteris filix-mas, and Maianthemum bifolium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in the understorey biomass of an oak-hornbeam forest Galio sylvatici-Carpinetum betuli

Jagodziński¹,

Pietrusiak²,

Rawlik³

et al. 2013

Forest Research Papers

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“…Geophytes have a special adaptive strategy that allows the plants to maintain the ability to survive in seasonally unfavorable climates, such as high or low temperature in summer or winter and summer drought conditions by entering a dormant phase with storage organs that are ready for subsequent season growth (Dafni et al, 1981;Okubo, 2000;Rees, 1972;Viémont and Crabbé, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Dormancy and Early Flowering Ability in Lilium longiflorum and L. formosanum Populations in the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan

Mojtahedi

Masuda

Hiramatsu

et al. 2013

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Variations in the dormancy and early flowering ability of seedlings of four populations of Lilium longiflorum, Yaku Shima (LYA), Kikai Jima (LKI), and Ishigaki Jima (LIS) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan and Pitouchiao (LPI), Taiwan, and two populations of L. formosanum, Wulai (FWU), Taiwan and a domesticated Fukuoka population (FFU), Japan were investigated. Seedlings of each population were grown at 15°C for five months. They were then transplanted into an experimental open field for two years or at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C under natural day length for 22 weeks. In the field experiments, FWU, FFU, and LPI populations continued to develop new leaves even at >30°C. Flowering percentage for FFU and LPI was 90% and 19.7%, respectively. Leaf development of LIS, LKI, and LYA was completely arrested from early June in both years, and the flowering percentages were 28, 25, and, 10 in the second year, respectively. Under controlled temperature conditions, LKI and LYA populations produced new leaves only at 15°C. FFU and LPI continued growing at 25 and 30°C, whereas the other populations did not grow. FFU significantly produced the heaviest leaves and bulbs and the highest number of scales per bulb at any temperature. The results showed that high temperature induces bulb dormancy in northern L. longiflorum. Strong correlation with the early flowering ability and bulb dormancy was also found. It seems that the early flowering ability of L. formosanum is largely dependent on the lack or reduction of bulb dormancy after adaptation to the local southern climate. The latitudinal variation of this trait demonstrated the geographic gradient during species habituation in the Ryukyu Archipelago.

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“…Geophytes are adapted to these seasonal changes in habitat. They are able to dehydrate and remain dormant during long drought periods in summer and then become active after rehydration in autumn (Dafni et al, 1981a;Kamenetsky et al, 2005). Asphodelus aestivus root tubers both store and exploit water and nutritional elements, and they protect the plant from drought stress and environmental hazards (Pantis, 1993;Sawidis et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Protein mobilisation and proteolytic activities in root tubers of Asphodelus aestivus

Kırmızı¹,

Guleryuz²,

Arslan³

2014

Turk J Bot

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IntroductionKnowledge of plant traits is necessary for understanding the ecosystem responses to natural and human-induced environmental changes (Hüseyinova et al., 2013). Geophytes are important life forms among plants with specialised structures in specialised environments. Their regenerating buds are on underground storage organs, and their life cycle includes a dormant period that can extend from a few weeks to most of the year, as defined by Raunkiaer (1934). Geophytes are widespread in the Mediterranean part of the world because they can survive the summer drought (Dafni, 1996;Debussche et al., 2004).The Mediterranean geophytes are of 2 types: springflowering species that display leaves and flowers simultaneously (synanthous geophytes), and autumnalflowering species that develop flowers before leaves and leaves after the flowering (hysteranthous geophytes) (Dafni et al., 1981a). The synanthous geophytes have periods of growth, storage, flowering, and dormancy, whereas the hysteranthous geophytes go dormant after storing the food reserves such that vegetative and reproductive stages do not occur at the same time (Dafni et al., 1981a(Dafni et al., , 1981b.According to Pantis (1993), Asphodelus aestivus Brot. could be categorised as intermediate; it is synanthous, but its reproduction depends partly on stored reserves and partly on annual production. Asphodelus aestivus is one of the important geophytes growing in degraded areas of the Mediterranean environment (Pantis et al., 1994). When it covers the degraded parts of the eastern Mediterranean basin, these types of ecosystems appear like deserts, and they are called asphodel geophyte-deserts or asphodel semideserts (Naveh, 1973;Ayyad and Hilmy, 1974;Le Houerou, 1981).Asphodelus aestivus is a competitive ruderal stresstolerant strategist species, which can be found on agricultural slopes, near roads, and in calcareous soils in pastures (Pantis et al., 1994). Asphodelus aestivus is an important plant and it has become the dominant life form in some degraded Mediterranean ecosystems, including those resulting from excessive grazing and fire (Ayyad and Hilmy, 1974;Le Houerou, 1981;Pantis and Margaris, 1988). Pantis and Margaris (1988) reported that the dominance of Asphodelus aestivus in degraded areas reflects both its capacity to face the peculiarities of the Mediterranean climate and its resistance to the most common disturbances in habitat.Geophytes mainly store one or more storage compounds in their underground storage organs. They generally accumulate carbohydrates, starch, soluble sugars, glucomannans, and fructans (

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Life-Cycle Variation in Geophytes

Cited by 122 publications

References 11 publications

Seasonal changes in the understorey biomass of an oak-hornbeam forest Galio sylvatici-Carpinetum betuli

Seasonal changes in the understorey biomass of an oak-hornbeam forest Galio sylvatici-Carpinetum betuli

Variation of Dormancy and Early Flowering Ability in Lilium longiflorum and L. formosanum Populations in the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan

Protein mobilisation and proteolytic activities in root tubers of Asphodelus aestivus

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