Life expectancy and education: evidence from the cardiovascular revolution

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Abstract. This paper exploits the unexpected decline of deaths from cardiovascular diseases since the 1970s as a large positive health shock that affected predominantly old-age mortality; i.e., the fourth stage of the epidemiological transition. Using a differences-indifferences estimation strategy, we find that U.S. states with higher levels of cardiovasculardisease mortality prior the 1970s experienced greater increases in adult life expectancy and higher education enrollment. Our estimates suggest that the cardiovascular revolution caused an increase in life expectancy of 1.5 years and an increase in education enrollment of 9 percentage points, i.e. 52 percent of the observed increase from 1960 to 2000. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may

Health dynamics shape life-cycle incomes

“…In ancillary results,Hansen and Strulik (2017) find no effect of health on income per person aged 30-65 years. Their results are surprising because the salient increase in college education that they document does not manifest in higher incomes, despite the growing college wage premium(Card and Lemieux, 2001).…”

“…This paper contributes to the literature in several ways. It most closely relates to work by Hansen and Strulik (2017), who are the first to use variation from the cardiovascular revolution to show a causal link between health and college enrollment in the United States. In contrast to their work, I analyze how health dynamics shape life-cycle incomes and which factors explain this process.…”

“…et al 2011and Bloom et al (2014), the model further controls for the health gradient before the cardiovascular revolution, which may itself affect subsequent health dynamics. Specifically, the model follows the approach by Hansen and Strulik (2017) Given these assumptions, I use two-stage least squares (2SLS) to estimate two variants of the empirical model. The first variant follows the tradition of the macroeconomic literature and computes parameters using long differences based on the observations at the beginning and at the end of the treatment period to derive the long-run effects of health dynamics on economic outcomes (see, for example, Acemoglu and Johnson, 2007).…”

Inclusive Education and Health Performance in Sub Saharan Africa

“…The links between life expectancy and education are well documented in literature both contemporary and non-contemporary literature (Sen, 1999 ; Saito, 2003 ; Hansen & Strulik, 2017 ; Olshansky et al, 2012 ; Hendi, 2017 ). According to Sen ( 1999 ), quality education is fundamental to maintaining a healthy lifestyle and well-being.…”

Nexus Between Human Capital, Technology and Economic Growth: The Role of Stages of Economic Development in Asian Countries

“…Moreover, few studies have demonstrated that an increase in life expectancy has no adverse effects on economic growth subject to initial health (Hansen, 2014;Hansen & Lønstrup, 2015). Moreover, a negative causal relationship was observed between cardiovascular disease and economic growth in high-income countries, the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and European countries (Hansen & Strulik, 2017;Hyclak et al, 2016;Suhrcke & Urban, 2010). No study is yet conducted to study the impact of health on economic growth in Asian countries.…”