Life expectancy and potential years of life lost for schizophrenia in western China

Liu, Xiang; Wang, Dan; Fan, Ruoxin; Rong-ke, Wang; Huang, Xiang; Yang, Xianmei; Liu, Yuanyuan

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114330

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Cardiovascular disease and cancer were the most common causes of premature death in this study, and life expectancy was found to be 12 years lower in men (and 8 years lower in women) compared to the general population. In line with these results, a study from western China [ 23 ] found life expectancy in schizophrenia to be 52.8 years in men and 59 years in women; potential years of life lost due to disease was higher in men than women. Promotion of physical health maintenance was recommended.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Monitoring the Effectiveness of Treatment in Women with Schizophrenia: New Specialized Cooperative Approaches

Natividad,

Seeman,

Paolini

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Women with schizophrenia have specific health needs that differ from those of men and that change through successive life stages. We aimed to review the biopsychosocial literature on schizophrenia that addresses clinically important questions related to the treatment of women, including somatic morbi-mortality, hyperprolactinemia, comorbid substance use disorders, social risk factors, and medication effectiveness/safety. Data search terms were as follows: (Morbidity AND mortality) OR hyperprolactinemia OR (“substance use disorders” OR addictions) OR (“social risk factors”) OR (“drug safety” OR prescription) AND women AND schizophrenia. A secondary aim was to describe a method of monitoring and interdisciplinary staff strategies. Schizophrenia patients show an increased risk of premature death from cardiovascular/respiratory disease and cancer compared to the general population. The literature suggests that close liaisons with primary care and the introduction of physical exercise groups reduce comorbidity. Various strategies for lowering prolactin levels diminish the negative long-term effects of hyperprolactinemia. Abstinence programs reduce the risk of victimization and trauma in women. Stigma associated with women who have serious psychiatric illness is often linked to reproductive functions. The safety and effectiveness of antipsychotic drug choice and dose differ between men and women and change over a woman’s life cycle. Monitoring needs to be multidisciplinary, knowledgeable, and regular.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Monitoring the Effectiveness of Treatment in Women with Schizophrenia: New Specialized Cooperative Approaches

Natividad,

Seeman,

Paolini

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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“…Three studies reported absolute estimates of mortality according to SEP for people with mental disorders . Similarly to the findings regarding relative associations, people with severe mental disorders with higher rather than lower SEP experienced relatively lower absolute risks of all-cause and natural causes of death, but higher risk of death from external causes (eTable 7 in Supplement 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Role of Socioeconomic Position in the Association Between Mental Disorders and Mortality

Chen,

Ejlskov,

Laustsen

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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ImportanceStudies are lacking summarizing how the association between mental disorders and mortality varies by socioeconomic position (SEP), particularly considering different aspects of SEP, specific types of mental disorders, and causes of death.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of SEP in the association between mental disorders and mortality and the association between SEP and mortality among people with mental disorders.Data SourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched from January 1, 1980, through April 3, 2023, and a snowball search of reference and citation lists was conducted.Study SelectionInclusion criteria were observational studies estimating the associations between different types of mental disorders and mortality, stratified by SEP and between SEP and mortality in people with mental disorders.Data Extraction and SynthesisPairs of reviewers independently extracted data using a predefined data extraction form and assessed the risk of bias using the adapted Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Graphical analyses of the dose-response associations and random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Heterogeneity was explored through meta-regressions and sensitivity analyses.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause and cause-specific mortality.ResultsOf 28 274 articles screened, 71 including more than 4 million people with mental disorders met the inclusion criteria (most of which were conducted in high-income countries). The relative associations between mental disorders and mortality were similar across SEP levels. Among people with mental disorders, belonging to the highest rather than the lowest SEP group was associated with lower all-cause mortality (pooled relative risk [RR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.73-0.86) and mortality from natural causes (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.62-0.85) and higher mortality from external causes (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.99-1.41). Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 83% to 99%). Results from subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were consistent with those from the main analyses. Evidence on absolute scales, specific diagnoses, and specific causes of death was scarce.Conclusion and RelevanceThis study did not find a sufficient body of evidence that SEP moderated the relative association between mental disorders and mortality, but the underlying mortality rates may differ by SEP group, despite having scarcely been reported. This information gap, together with our findings related to SEP and a possible differential risk between natural and external causes of death in individuals with specific types of mental disorders, warrants further research.

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“…The risk of suicide increases by 80% after a diagnosis of schizophrenia [ 3 ]. In a study from western China, suicide was estimated to cause the largest number of potential years of life lost (31.2 years) among all causes of mortality [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of suicidal behavior and clozapine prescribing among people with schizophrenia in China: a cohort study

Yin,

Lin,

Wei

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Clozapine is an off-label drug used in most countries to prevent suicide in individuals with schizophrenia. However, few studies have reported real-world prescription practices. This study aimed to explore the association between a history of suicidal behavior and clozapine prescribing during eight weeks of hospitalization for individuals with early-stage schizophrenia. Methods This observational cohort study used routine health data collected from a mental health hospital in Beijing, China. The study included 1057 inpatients who had schizophrenia onset within 3 years. History of suicidal behavior was coded from reviewing medical notes according to the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Information on antipsychotic use during hospitalization was extracted from the prescription records. Time to clozapine use was analyzed using Cox regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical covariates. Results The prevalence rates of self-harm, suicidal behavior, and suicide attempt were 12.3%, 7.5%, and 5.4%, respectively. A history of self-harm history was positively associated with clozapine uses upon admission (4.1% vs. 0.8%, exact p = 0.009). Among those who had not used clozapine and had no clozapine contraindication, A history of suicidal behavior increased the possibility of switch to clozapine within 56 days after admission (Hazard Ratio[95% CI], 6.09[2.08–17.83]) or during hospitalization (4.18[1.62–10.78]). Conclusion The use of clozapine for early-stage schizophrenia was more frequent among those with suicidal behavior than among those without suicidal behavior in China, although the drug instructions do not label its use for suicide risk.

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Life expectancy and potential years of life lost for schizophrenia in western China

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Monitoring the Effectiveness of Treatment in Women with Schizophrenia: New Specialized Cooperative Approaches

Monitoring the Effectiveness of Treatment in Women with Schizophrenia: New Specialized Cooperative Approaches

The Role of Socioeconomic Position in the Association Between Mental Disorders and Mortality

History of suicidal behavior and clozapine prescribing among people with schizophrenia in China: a cohort study

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