Life Forms and Life Strategies in Nanocyperion Communities From the Netherlands Frisian Islands

During, H. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1980.tb01252.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This dynamical view on species life history deviates from several other strategy concepts. For instance, it is different from the Ôwarp and woofÕ strategy concept proposed by During (1980) for dwarf-rush species. The sudden emergence of Gentiana and Rhynchospora would be the ÔwoofÕ, and the poor, bare sand surface after inundation the ÔwarpÕ (cf.…”

Section: A Dynamical View On Life History Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Population dynamics of Gentiana pneumonanthe and Rhynchospora fusca during wet heathland restoration

Kesel

Urban

1999

Applied Vegetation Science

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Abstract. The population dynamics and reproductive strategies of two rare wet heathland species, Gentiana pneumonanthe and Rhynchospora, were studied in experimental permanent plots in a wet heathland near Bremen, NW Germany, to assess how effective sod cutting and mowing are in promoting these species. In one experiment, small plots (0.25 m2 ‐ 4 m2) were sod‐cut or mown; in the second, one large plot 30 mx 50m) was sod‐cut. The development of the vegetation and the number of shoots of the two target species were recorded annually. Sod cutting lead to the highest shoot numbers of Gentiana in the long run, whilst mowing was more effective at the beginning of the experiment. Seedlings and adult shoots slowly became more and more abundant after sod cutting. In contrast, Rhynchospora soon formed closed stands after sod‐cutting, first through seed germination and then through fast clonal growth of the established individuals. Moist soil or short inundations promoted the germination and seedling establishment of Gentiana, whereas drought negatively affected seedling recruitment. Long periods of inundation severely reduced the population at first, but high numbers of seedlings were found in the following growing season. For the disturbance‐dependent Gentiana and Rhynchospora, the availability of gaps within the vegetation is of crucial importance. To promote existing populations, we suggest small‐scale sod cuttings which create gaps without disturbing existing flowering individuals too much. For degenerated stands of wet heathland we recommend large‐scale sod cutting to activate the seed bank. Additionally, seed introduction may be helpful to encourage the development of a wet heathland with characteristic floristic composition.

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Section: A Dynamical View On Life History Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Population dynamics of Gentiana pneumonanthe and Rhynchospora fusca during wet heathland restoration

Kesel

Urban

1999

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…Typical representatives are very small plants, usually between 2 and 10 cm, which can complete their life cycle within a few months. Natural growth sites of these species are neutral to slightly acid, more or less nutrient-poor soils at river banks, lake shores, and trampled sites (Pietsch 1973;During 1980;Müller & Gebhardt 1998). These sites are characterized by a soil texture with a high proportion of small particles, which enhance the water storage capacity and capillary rise of groundwater, but reduce soil pore water availability (Bagi 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On sites with repeated disturbance, such as road-verges, their presence has a more permanent character. It is generally thought that this behaviour is a consequence of the lack of competition for nutrients and/or light from taller species (Pietsch 1973;During 1980). However, Bonis et al (1997) found that fresh gaps in chalk grassland were too poor in phosphorus for colonization by short-lived pioneer plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient requirements of ephemeral plant species from wet, mesotrophic soils

Brouwer

Backx

Roelofs

2001

J Vegetation Science

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Abstract. Nanocyperion plant communities occur on wet, more or less nutrient‐poor and sparsely vegetated soils in temperate climates and are characterized by tiny, very shortlived plant species. Most of these have become locally extinct. It is generally assumed that drainage and eutrophication were the most important reasons for this decrease. However, chemical analysis of soil pore water from plots on growth sites of these ephemerals showed that phosphorus availability was relatively high. In a greenhouse experiment, the growth of ephemeral species was strongly limited by the amount of available phosphorus, whereas there was little or no limitation to the growth of other plant species from this habitat. At low phosphorus concentrations, the ephemeral species reached their reproductive phase within the same period, but showed a strong reduction in the amount of flowers that were produced. We concluded that ephemeral species in particular require a minimum amount of phosphorus for reproduction. Other species on nutrient‐poor, wet soils have a longer life span and can postpone flowering in nutrient‐poor soils. In contrast to other short‐lived plant species from the same habitat, the growth of ephemeral species was barely stimulated by enhanced nitrogen availability. Apparently, the ephemerals are adapted to low nitrogen concentrations. The occurrence on nitrogen‐poor and relatively phosphorus‐rich soils suggests that this community may be very sensitive to nitrogen deposition. Reduced phosphorus availability below the minimum requirements of ephemerals, for example after acidification or the exclusion of human activities, has possibly contributed to the decrease of ephemeral plant species.

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“…An obvious explanation is that the water level in spring is a key factor. In dry periods this level is low, leaving a broad shore area for germination of annual species, while in wet periods these areas are under water and therefore less rich in species during the summer (During 1980). However, the scenario study shows that the effects of increasing precipitation will be limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Past and future plant diversity of a coastal wetland driven by soil subsidence and climate change

Dobben

Slim

2011

Climatic Change

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On the island of Ameland (The Netherlands), natural gas has been extracted from a dune and salt marsh natural area since 1986. This has caused a soil subsidence of c. 1-25 cm, which can be used as a model to infer effects of future sea level rise. The aims of our study were (a) to relate the changes in the vegetation, and more specifically, in plant diversity, during the extraction period to soil subsidence and weather fluctuations, and (b) to use these relations to predict future changes due to the combination of ongoing soil subsidence and climate change. We characterised climate change as increases in mean sea level, storm frequency and net precipitation. Simultaneous observations were made of vegetation composition, elevation, soil chemistry, net precipitation, groundwater level, and flooding frequency over the period 1986-2001. By using multiple regression the changes in the vegetation could be decomposed into (1) an oscillatory component due to fluctuations in net precipitation, (2) an oscillatory component due to incidental flooding, (3) a monotonous component due to soil subsidence, and (4) a monotonous component not related to any measured variable but probably due to eutrophication. The changes were generally small during the observation period, but the regression model predicts large changes by the year 2100 that are almost exclusively due to sea level rise. However, although sea level rise is expected to cause a loss of species, this does not necessarily lead to a loss of conservancy value.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Life Forms and Life Strategies in Nanocyperion Communities From the Netherlands Frisian Islands

Abstract: SUMMARYNanocyperion communities (s.l.) are considered here as "warp-and-woof" communities;the Nanocyperion components are described separately as synusiae. On

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Population dynamics of Gentiana pneumonanthe and Rhynchospora fusca during wet heathland restoration

Population dynamics of Gentiana pneumonanthe and Rhynchospora fusca during wet heathland restoration

Nutrient requirements of ephemeral plant species from wet, mesotrophic soils

Past and future plant diversity of a coastal wetland driven by soil subsidence and climate change

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