Life history differences in identical twins discordant for schizophrenia.

Pollin, William; Stabenau, James R.; Mosher, Loren R.; Tupin, Joe P.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1966.tb02393.x

Cited by 90 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…On the basis of their test performance alone they are frequently indistinguishable from patients with organic brain damage (Golden ef af., Watson, 1971). Furthermore, a number of studies have reported the presence of motor disorders and other features suggestive of neurological dysfunction in unselected groups of psychiatric patients and particularly those with severe and chronic forms of schizophrenia (Rogers, 1985;Pollin et al, 1966;Rochford et af., 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late paraphrenia: Neuropsychological impairment and structural brain abnormalities on computed tomography

Naguib¹,

Levy²

1987

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forty-three patients with 'late paraphrenia' were subjected to detailed clinical and psychological assessment and computed tomography (CT). The paraphrenics had significantly larger lateral cerebral ventricles and greater cognitive deficits than a group of 40 age-matched normal volunteers. Group comparisons within the patients, between those with particularly large ventricular brain ratio (VBR) (equal or more than two standard deviations above the control mean) and the rest of the group, showed that the extent of ventricular enlargement had no direct bearing on the clinical presentation of the paraphrenic syndrome. The results suggest that ventricular enlargement may have preceded the onset of overt symptoms by a period of years and probably served as a non-specific risk factor for the development of the disorder. The unimodal distribution of VBR values suggests that paraphrenia, at least at a brain structural level, is a unitary condition. It also indicates the presence of subcortical pathology which might be in part responsible for the cognitive dysfunction elicited.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late paraphrenia: Neuropsychological impairment and structural brain abnormalities on computed tomography

Naguib¹,

Levy²

1987

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Highly intensive examinations of MZ twins discordantly affected with schizophre nia have been the focus of a project carried out by Pollin et al [1966], also at the Na tional Institute of Mental Health. Eleven pairs of MZ twins in which 1 twin had pre viously been hospitalized for schizophrenia or borderline schizophrenia were carefully investigated along with their parents.…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Twin Research in Functional Psychoses

Kringlen¹

1986

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After briefly reviewing the main findings of twin research in. functional psychoses, the author focuses the attention on neglected aspects of twin research, such as the study of co-twins of monozygotic (MZ) subjects with functional psychosis, and the study of life histories of discordantly affected twins. Through a thorough investigation of the nonpsychotic co-twins of MZ subjects, one might be able to identify vulnerability factors. By studying the life course of the twins in a pair, discovery of environmental etiological factors are possible. By including twins with both schizophrenic, manic-depressive and reactive psychotic symptomatology, one should be able to discover whether the environmental factors are of a specific kind.

show abstract

“…Maternal TH excess during pregnancy results in an increased incidence of pre-eclampsia and low birth weight, the latter being due to premature delivery (Millar et al 1994), but little is known regarding its effects on neurodevelopment. Two early studies independently reported a high incidence of hyperthyroidism in mothers of schizophrenics (Pollin et al 1966, MacSweeney et al 1978; however, these findings remain to be confirmed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of maternal hyperthyroidism in the rat on the expression of neuronal and astrocytic cytoskeletal proteins in fetal brain

Evans

Pickard²,

Sinha

et al. 2002

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy impairs brain function in human and rat offspring, but little is known regarding the influence of maternal hyperthyroidism on neurodevelopment. We have previously shown that the expression of neuronal and glial differentiation markers in fetal brain is compromised in hypothyroid rat dam pregnancies and have now therefore extended this investigation to hyperthyroid rat dams. Study groups comprised partially thyroidectomised dams, implanted with osmotic pumps infusing either vehicle (TX dams) or a supraphysiological dose of thyroxine (T4) (HYPER dams), and euthyroid dams infused with vehicle (N dams). Cytoskeletal protein abundance was determined in fetal brain at 21 days of gestation by immunoblot analysis. Relative to N dams, circulating total T4 levels were reduced to around one-third in TX dams but were doubled in HYPER dams. Fetal brain weight was increased in HYPER dams, whereas litter size and fetal body weight were reduced in TX dams. Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was similar in HYPER and TX dams, being reduced in both cases relative to N dams. -Internexin (INX) abundance was reduced in HYPER dams and increased in TX dams, whereas neurofilament 68 (NF68) exhibited increased abundance in HYPER dams. Furthermore, INX was inversely related to -and NF68 directly related tomaternal serum total T4 levels, independently of fetal brain weight. In conclusion, maternal hyperthyroidism compromises the expression of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins in late fetal brain, suggestive of a pattern of accelerated neuronal differentiation.

show abstract

Life history differences in identical twins discordant for schizophrenia.

Cited by 90 publications

References 15 publications

Late paraphrenia: Neuropsychological impairment and structural brain abnormalities on computed tomography

Late paraphrenia: Neuropsychological impairment and structural brain abnormalities on computed tomography

Status of Twin Research in Functional Psychoses

Influence of maternal hyperthyroidism in the rat on the expression of neuronal and astrocytic cytoskeletal proteins in fetal brain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About