“…This kind of split household for an extended period of time is quite prevalent in many developing countries as a common economic livelihood strategy for many households (Mazzucato & Schans, 2011; Sulemana et al, 2019; Zentgraf & Chinchilla, 2012), in which one partner migrates for better opportunities, and another stays at home considering the uncertainty of employment opportunity and high cost of living in destination areas. This global phenomenon (Ivlevs et al, 2019; Perkins et al, 2011) is reflected in the context of transnational migration from Mexico to the United States (Heymann et al, 2009; Nobles et al, 2015) and from Africa to Europe (Mazzucato et al, 2015), as well as transnational and internal migration in Asian countries (Desai & Banerji, 2008; Gartaula et al, 2012; Liang, 2016; Lu, 2012; Nguyen et al, 2006; Oh, 2014; Paulone & Ivlevs, 2019). Studies on the impact of internal migration on Ghana and Chinese families have demonstrated that spatial separation of couples may increase the likelihood of divorce between the couple (Bhargava & Tan, 2018; Caarls & Mazzucato, 2015).…”