Life-Saving Procedures and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation From the Ancient History to the Present Day

Mitura, Krzysztof; Celinski, Daniel; Hawrylewicz-Łuka, Agnieszka; Pilip, Sławomir; Szpakowski, Leszek; Jarzębowska, Marta; Jastrzębski, Paweł; Szajda, Sławomir Dariusz

doi:10.36740/emems202104112

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The Middle Ages was also an era in which numerous plague, cholera and leprosy epidemics occurred. For this reason, during this period we can find the beginnings of infectious disease prophylaxis, isolation and quarantine orders [1].…”

Section: Historical Viewmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The development of medicine, and thus the development of skills and principles of providing medical assistance in life and health-threatening situations, was based on the experience of many generations and societies [1]. On the other hand, the formation of emergency medical systems is largely related to the gradually increasing social expectations resulting from possible threats and the effectiveness of such systems in the event of sudden diseases and injuries that threaten human life or health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergency medical service through the centuries — the Polish perspective

Miłowski,

Mitura,

Celiński

et al. 2024

Medical Research Journal

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Gradually progressing civilizational development and the creation of advanced forms of social organization affected the number and scope of potential threats to which societies were subject. Thus, these threats have led to the organization of medical rescue systems that are capable of providing effective assistance in the event of a sudden threat to life and health.The first organized forms of providing medical assistance in emergencies date back to antiquity and should be sought in military organizations and warfare. In turn, medieval religious communities are considered to be the prototype of organized medical assistance provided to the sick and injured. However, it was only at the end of the 19 th century that emergency services were created, the organization and operation of which are still evolving, adequately to social expectations resulting from the scope of potential threats.

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Section: Historical Viewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency medical service through the centuries — the Polish perspective

Miłowski,

Mitura,

Celiński

et al. 2024

Medical Research Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They require the rapid implementation of rescue measures, which, especially in the pre-hospital setting, should represent consecutive, complementary stages of providing assistance, forming links in the rescue chain. Starting from emergency notification, through interventions carried out by event witnesses and emergency medical teams, and ending with hospital treatment, the rescue chain allows assistance to be provided effectively and underlies the most effective emergency medical systems [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Life Emergencies Resulting from Illness Cases and Injuries—A Preliminary Study

Mitura,

Celiński,

Snarska

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Despite organised efforts, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the health status of the population and health services including the emergency medical system. The objective of the study was to investigate, based on the Emergency Medical Teams’ (EMT) interventions, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and life emergencies resulting from illness cases and injuries of Polish females and males. Material and Methods: The data under analysis concern EMT interventions carried out in central and eastern Poland from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2022 (n = 226,038). The study used descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U Test, and the Chi-square test. Results: A significant increase was observed in the proportion of EMT interventions (p < 0.001) to patients with illness cases (80.30% vs. 83.17%) and a decrease in interventions to patients with injuries (19.70% vs. 16.83%) during the pandemic as compared to the pre-pandemic period. As for illness cases, the patients’ ages during both periods were similar (Me = 66.00 vs. 66.00, p = 0.071). On the other hand, during the pandemic, injuries mainly affected elderly patients as compared to the pre-pandemic period (Me = 50.00 vs. 47.00, p < 0.001). The increase in the proportion of EMT interventions to patients with illness cases and the decrease in patients with injuries during the pandemic, as compared to the pre-pandemic period, concerned the area of intervention, patient’s sex, and age. During the pandemic period, a significantly lower proportion of patients transported to the hospital (p < 0.001) and an increase in the proportion of patients left at the place of call (p < 0.001) were noted. Conclusions: The restrictions aimed at preventing the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus contributed to a reduced number of injuries without, however, reducing the number of illness cases. During the pandemic, the elderly were affected by injuries. The study indicates the need for further in-depth analyses to prepare the pre-hospital care system in Poland for the occurrence of other or similar emergencies.

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