Life stage and proximity to roads shape the skin microbiota of eastern newts (<i>Notophthalmus viridescens</i>)

Wuerthner, Vanessa P.; Hua, Jessica; Hernández‐Gómez, Obed

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.15986

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Consistent with other studies, post-metamorphic adult newts had the highest bacterial diversity [61,64,65] and the most distinct abundances of bacterial families but retained very few unique ASVs at the common Core90 level. Adult N. perstriatus are primarily terrestrial and make seasonal migrations to breeding ponds, while all pre-metamorphic and metamorphosing stages are strictly aquatic; therefore, the increased diversity and compositional variability in adult skin bacteria could be from terrestrial or soil-associated taxa that are present in low abundances.…”

Section: Bacterial Communities Shift With Ontogenysupporting

confidence: 90%

Ontogeny drives shifts in skin bacterial communities in facultatively paedomorphic salamanders

Hartmann,

McGrath-Blaser,

Colón-Piñeiro

et al. 2023

Microbiology

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Microbiomes are major determinants of host growth, development and survival. In amphibians, host-associated bacteria in the skin can inhibit pathogen infection, but many processes can influence the structure and composition of the community. Here we quantified the shifts in skin-associated bacteria across developmental stages in the striped newt (Notophthalmus perstriatus), a threatened salamander species with a complex life history and vulnerable to infection by the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and ranavirus. Our analyses show that pre-metamorphic larval and paedomorphic stages share similar bacterial compositions, and that the changes in the microbiome coincided with physiological restructuring during metamorphosis. Newts undergoing metamorphosis exhibited microbiome compositions that were intermediate between paedomorphic and post-metamorphic stages, further supporting the idea that metamorphosis is a major driver of host-associated microbes in amphibians. We did not find support for infection-related disruption of the microbiome, though infection replicates were small for each respective life stage.

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Section: Bacterial Communities Shift With Ontogenysupporting

confidence: 90%

Ontogeny drives shifts in skin bacterial communities in facultatively paedomorphic salamanders

Hartmann,

McGrath-Blaser,

Colón-Piñeiro

et al. 2023

Microbiology

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show abstract

“…For example, chemical contamination caused by humans reduces the skin microbiota diversity of amphibians, specifically affecting the structure and composition of their microbiota [33]. In addition, the distance of roads from habitats can greatly affect the skin microbiota of amphibians [78]. Our results show that the skin microbiota richness of Maoershan hynobiids in HADD habitats was greater than LADD habitats.…”

Section: Effects Of Anthropogenic Disturbance On the Skin Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 72%

“…This may be because the HADD habitats were closer to the road than LADD habitats. Similarly, in one study, eastern newts closer to the road had greater skin microbiota richness than those far from the road [78]. In aquatic and terrestrial habitats, road-related salinization and eutrophication may influence the community structure of microbes in the environment [79].…”

Section: Effects Of Anthropogenic Disturbance On the Skin Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 95%

Ecological Factors and Anthropogenic Disturbance May Restructure the Skin Microbiota of Maoershan Hynobiids (Hynobius maoershanensis)

et al. 2023

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Studies on the skin microbiota of amphibians in different disturbed habitats can clarify the relationship between the skin microbiota composition and environmental factors and have practical implications for the conservation of endangered species. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to profile the skin microbiota of Maoershan hynobiids (Hynobius maoershanensis). Our results illustrate that the alpha diversity of the skin microbiota significantly differed among individuals in higher anthropogenic disturbance-degree (HADD) habitats and lower anthropogenic disturbance-degree (LADD) habitats. The diversity of the skin microbiota in forelimb bud-stage tadpoles from HADD habitats was higher than that in their counterparts from LADD habitats. The richness of the skin microbiota in hindlimb bud-stage tadpoles was greater in HADD habitats than in LADD habitats. However, the alpha diversity of the adult skin microbiota did not differ significantly between the two habitats. Furthermore, stepwise regression analysis indicated that the skin microbiota diversity and relative abundance of dominant bacteria decreased with increasing air temperature, water temperature, and pH; conversely, skin microbiota richness increased with increasing humidity. In addition, the relative abundance of dominant bacteria was influenced by anthropogenic disturbance. We conclude that the skin microbiota of Maoershan hynobiids is affected by ecological factors and anthropogenic disturbance, highlighting the importance of the skin microbiota in response to habitat alteration.

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From the organismal to biosphere levels: environmental impacts on the amphibian microbiota

Hernández‐Gómez

Hua

2023

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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This review summarizes the role of environmental factors on amphibian microbiotas at the organismal, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. At the organismal-level, tissue source, disease status, and experimental manipulations were the strongest predictors of variation in amphibian microbiotas. At the population-level, habitat quality, disease status, and ancestry were commonly documented as drivers of microbiota turnover. At the community-level, studies focused on how species’ niche influence microbiota structure and function. At the ecosystem-level, abiotic and biotic reservoirs were important contributors to microbiota structure. At the biosphere-level, databases, sample banks, and semi-natural experiments were commonly used to describe microbiota assembly mechanisms among temperate and tropical amphibians. Collectively, our review demonstrates that environmental factors can influence microbiotas through diverse mechanisms at all biological scales. Importantly, while environmental mechanisms occurring at each of the different scales can interact to shape microbiotas, the past ten years of research have mostly been characterized by targeted approaches at individual scales. Looking forward, efforts considering how environmental factors at multiple organizational levels interact to shape microbiota diversity and function are paramount. Generating opportunities for meaningful cross-disciplinary interactions and supporting infrastructure for research that spans biological scales are imperative to addressing this gap.

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Life stage and proximity to roads shape the skin microbiota of eastern newts (Notophthalmus viridescens)

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Ontogeny drives shifts in skin bacterial communities in facultatively paedomorphic salamanders

Ontogeny drives shifts in skin bacterial communities in facultatively paedomorphic salamanders

Ecological Factors and Anthropogenic Disturbance May Restructure the Skin Microbiota of Maoershan Hynobiids (Hynobius maoershanensis)

From the organismal to biosphere levels: environmental impacts on the amphibian microbiota

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