Life Stress and Respiratory Illness

Jacobs, Martin; Spilken, Aron Z.; Norman, Martin M.; Anderson, Luleen S.

doi:10.1097/00006842-197005000-00003

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…among healthy and sick students on the basis of responses to items representing role crisis and failure. The other items on the test, reflecting family relationship changes and increased responsibility, have not been found to be associated with illness behavior in our previous work (1)(2)(3) and were not used as predictors in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Prediction of Illness Behavior from Measures of Life Crisis, Manifest Distress and Maladaptive Coping

Spilken

Jacobs

1971

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Measures of life crisis, manifest distress and maladaptive coping were used to predict future illness behavior in male college students. A group of 92 Ss was screened by an internist's examination as being free from disease, and was administered a series of self-ratings measuring the above dimensions. One year later, 79 of these students were available to be recontacted and were asked to describe their health records during the intervening time; 65 (82%) replied. Of the total number, 23 reported being ill and seeking medical treatment, whereas the remaining 42 either indicated no symptoms or else treated themselves with proprietary medication or rest in bed. Analysis of the 2 groups' premorbid reports indicated that the treatment-seeking Ss had scored significantly higher on each dimension, using t test comparisons. Secondly, independently established criterion scores were applied to this sample. Chi square analysis indicated that 71% of the cases could be correctly designated using this method-ie, before becoming ill, Ss who later sought care for their symptoms were more likely to have scored above the cut-off points than those who did not eventually seek care. We also scaled degree of incapacitation along a 0-10 continuum and correlated such illness behavior with the premorbid scores. Each measure correlated significantly with the criterion and with each other. A multiple R of 0.43 was obtained when four scale scores were used in a regression equation to estimate degree of incapacitation. These results suggest that premorbid indicators of unresolved life stress accurately predict who will seek care for illness.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Prediction of Illness Behavior from Measures of Life Crisis, Manifest Distress and Maladaptive Coping

Spilken

Jacobs

1971

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…It reflects a research strategy of trying to identify significant social events of stressful nature that are predictable and thus can be studied in their natural setting with sufficient scientific rigor. The design may also be seen as an approach to the study of life events that is complementary to the more typical current approach of adding up life events into one global score but not examining any event in depth (9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Experience of Losing a Job: Reported Changes in Health, Symptoms and Illness Behavior

Kasl

Gore

Cobb

1975

Psychosomatic Medicine

229

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Changes in health and in behavior related to health-illness were described in men whose jobs were abolished because of a permanent plant closing. Fluctuations in several measures based on a 2 week health diary (Days Complaint, Days Disability, Percent Days Complaint That Are Also Days Disability, Days Saw Doctor, Days Used Drugs), as well as in other indicators (Symptoms, Depression, Dissatisfaction with Social Support) were analyzed as the men went through the various phases of anticipation, plant closing, unemployment and re-employment. Differences in the objective and subjective severity of the experience, in the social setting of the plant closing (urban vs. rural) and in selected personal characteristics were also examined for their influence on the changes in the various health-related measures.

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“…Consequently, findings such as that institutionalized elderly are more concerned with the past and less with the future,47 perform more poorly on memory and perceptual functioning tests48 give more self-derogatory responses,49 show more constricted human figure drawings,50 and report lower morale and life satisfaction' 1 -cannot be simply attributed to the effects of institutionalization. Much of this literature has been recently reviewed and evaluated by Lieberman.3 2 Somewhat more sophisticated studies of institutionalization have, in their efforts to isolate the effects of the institutional environment, included in their design (in addition to a group of community residents) either a group of applicants waiting to be institutionalized or a group of elderly just placed in the institution.5 1-54 Some of these studies5 1 5 2 certainly throw into doubt some differences previously attributed to institutionalization. But beyond that, they only yield additional ambiguous data and further illustrate the difficulties of trying to apply a cross-sectional approach to a problem which basically demands a longitudinal design if it is to yield relatively unambiguous data.…”

Section: Other Correlates Of Institutionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and mental health effects of involuntary relocation and institutionalization on the elderly--a review.

Sv¹

1972

Am J Public Health

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Life Stress and Respiratory Illness

Cited by 52 publications

References 14 publications

Prediction of Illness Behavior from Measures of Life Crisis, Manifest Distress and Maladaptive Coping

Prediction of Illness Behavior from Measures of Life Crisis, Manifest Distress and Maladaptive Coping

The Experience of Losing a Job: Reported Changes in Health, Symptoms and Illness Behavior

Physical and mental health effects of involuntary relocation and institutionalization on the elderly--a review.

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